CAREER: Innovative Confinement Technology for Strong Main Shock-Aftershock Damage Mitigation

该教师早期职业发展（CAREER）计划奖的目的是减轻损害，并提高遭受中强地震及其余震的钢筋混凝土桥梁的稳健性和功能性。在损伤控制方面，本项目将研究利用形状记忆合金（SMA）作为横向钢筋的新型混凝土约束技术的应用。 这项新技术利用了主动限制的概念。本研究计画之研究内容包括：（1）对新配筋混凝土构件进行多轴单调及循环试验。(2)建立了具有增强损伤预测功能的SMA约束混凝土三维塑性通用模型。(3)通过在伊利诺伊州真实的桥梁上进行的实验室测试和现场测试，检查SMA加固的耐久性和长期性能。(4)建立包括中强主震和一系列余震在内的真实地震灾害情景模型。(5)进行地震损伤分析，以绘制采用新技术加固的桥梁的易损性曲线。(6)对采用新约束技术加固的缩尺钢筋混凝土桥墩进行验证性混合模拟试验。该项目将为地震工程界提供有关新的限制技术的关键，深入的信息。它将解决建模，耐久性和设计问题，这些问题对于这项技术发挥其全部潜力至关重要，可以立即解决震后功能，停机时间和关键生命线桥梁的维修成本问题。该项目的成果将通过伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校教授的两门研究生水平的混凝土设计课程直接传播给研究生和高级土木工程学生。为了鼓励和促进来自土木工程领域代表性不足群体的K-12学生的参与，该奖项的一部分将用于为女高中生组织年度夏令营。为了提高实践桥梁工程师对这项新技术的认识，PI将组织一个研讨会，向这组工程师传播项目成果。该项目还将向地震研究界推广该项目中使用的新的混合模拟测试技术。最后，该项目还将提高研究和从业人员对强震余震对土木工程结构设计影响的认识。

The objective of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program award is to mitigate damage and to enhance the robustness and functionality of reinforced concrete bridges subjected to moderate-to-strong earthquakes and their aftershocks. For damage-control, the project will investigate the application of a new concrete confinement technology utilizing the shape memory alloys (SMAs) as the transverse reinforcement. This new technology capitalizes on the concept of active confinement. The research activities planned for this project include: (1) Conducting multi-axial monotonic and cyclic tests on concrete elements confined with the new reinforcement. (2) Developing general 3-dimensional plasticity model for concrete confined with SMA reinforcement with enhanced damage prediction feature. (3) Examining the durability and long-term performance of SMA reinforcement through laboratory tests and field tests conducted on real bridges in Illinois. (4) Developing models for realistic seismic hazard scenarios comprising moderate-to-strong main shock followed by a series of aftershocks. (5) Conducting seismic damage analyses to develop fragility curves for bridges reinforced with the new technology. (6) Conducting confirmatory hybrid simulation tests on reduced-scale reinforced concrete bridge piers strengthened with the new confinement technology. This project will provide the earthquake engineering community with critical, in-depth, information about the new confinement technology. It will address the modeling, durability, and design issues that are crucial for this technology to reach its full potential in delivering immediate solutions to the problems of post-earthquake functionality, down time, and repair costs of critical lifeline bridges. The results of this project will be directly disseminated to the graduate and senior level civil engineering students through two graduate level concrete design courses taught at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. To encourage and promote the involvement of K-12 students from underrepresented groups in the field of Civil Engineering, a part of this award will be directed to organize an annual summer camp for female high school students. To increase the awareness of this new technology among the practicing bridge engineers, the PI will organize a workshop to disseminate the project results to this group of engineers. The project will also promote the new hybrid simulation testing technique used in this project to the seismic research community. Finally, this project will also increase the awareness among the research and practitioner communities about the impacts of strong earthquake aftershocks on the design of civil engineering structures.