SBIR Phase II: Advanced Biopesticides from Yeast Produced Sophorolipids and Modified Analogs

智力优势：这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目将进一步发展第一阶段项目的发现，通过简单和可扩展的槐糖脂修饰来开发先进的生物农药。酵母菌Candida bombicola产生槐糖脂（SL），体积产量约为300 g/L。第一阶段的计划表明，通过简单的化学修饰的未精制的天然SL，一系列的五个高活性的先导化合物，具有广谱活性对所有三个主要的真菌群体，导致严重的疾病，在商业上重要的植物。通过SL脂肪酸羧基（例如-NH2CH2CH2N（CH3）2）的酰胺化，或通过SL-脂肪酸双键的还原，衍生物对病原体的活性大大增加。酰胺SL-衍生物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值一般等同于测试的商业fungicides.Broader影响/商业潜力：更广泛的影响，这项研究解决了市场拉动的绿色农产品通过开发一种生物农药生产，通过一种有效的微生物发酵，然后通过简单的化学修饰，以提高性能的性质？s分子。我们的目标是创造一种上级生物农药产品，该产品不损害环境，对经常处理这些材料的农民来说是安全的，并为消费者提供安全的食品。合成酶生物农药将有助于正在进行的绿色食品生产革命。在整个季节的疾病控制计划中，它们的引入有望取代越来越多的合成化学农药。此外，需要新的安全的生物农药来取代化学农药，目前由于严格的法规和对污染和健康危害的日益关注而被禁止。

Intellectual Merits: This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project will address further development of findings from the Phase I Project addressing development of advanced biopesticides by simple and scalable modification of sophorolipids. The yeast Candida bombicola produces sophorolipids (SLs) in volumetric yields of ~ 300 g/L. The Phase I program demonstrated that by simple chemical modification of unrefined natural SLs, a series of five highly active lead compounds were identified which possess broad spectrum activity against all three major fungal groups that cause serious diseases in commercially important plants. By amidation of the SL fatty acid carboxyl group (e.g. - NH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2), or by reduction of the SL-fatty acid double bond, derivative activity against pathogens greatly increased. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of amide SL-derivatives were generally on a par with tested commercial fungicides.Broader Impacts/Commercial Potential: The broader impacts of this research address the market pull for green agricultural products by developing a bio-pesticide produced via an efficient microbial fermentation followed by simple chemical modification to improve the performance of nature?s molecules. The goal is to create a superior bio-pesticide product that does not harm the environment, is safe for farmers that regularly handle these materials, and to provide safe food for consumers. SyntheZyme bio-pesticides will contribute to the on-going green food-production revolution. Their introduction into the market is expected to replace an increasing fraction of synthetic chemical pesticides during season-long disease control programs. Furthermore, new safe bio-pesticides are needed to replace chemical pesticides now banned due to tightened regulations and increased concerns about their pollution and health hazards.