Collaborative Research: Climatological, Vegetational, and Human-Related Controls on Channelization and Shallow Landsliding Quantified Through Objective Analysis of LiDAR Data

一米分辨率地形数据的出现使地貌过程的研究发生了革命性的变化。第一次，地表水流、河道化和滑坡的地形模式可以在与控制过程的尺度相称的分辨率下在大范围内得到解决。这些数据提供了一个令人兴奋的机会来量化这些模式，并调查它们对气候、土地覆盖、人为干扰和地质的依赖。与此同时，最近开发的工具允许从激光雷达数字地形模型（dtm）中包含的大量信息中客观地提取地貌特征和相关属性。本研究项目的总体目标是利用这些新数据和新方法的强大组合，加深对山坡-渠道过程和形式的基本认识，并评估与植被，水文响应和人为干扰的动态相互作用。研究人员将采用地貌特征提取和形态分析的新方法，对日本从台风主导的西南部到温带北部的大量LiDAR dtm进行分析，并结合关键流域的详细地面验证。该项目将对影响湿润高地景观演变的生态地貌过程，特别是在这种环境中启动河道的过程，产生更深入的定量理解。项目结果将提供有价值的信息和见解，使规划人员和决策者能够解决具有重要社会意义的问题，如洪水和滑坡危害评估、气候变化的生态地貌影响以及易受极端事件影响的山地环境中的土地利用管理。

The advent of one meter-resolution topographic data is revolutionizing the study of geomorphic processes. For the first time, the topographic patterns of surface flow, channelization, and landsliding can be resolved over large areas at resolutions commensurate with the scales of the governing processes. Such data provide an exciting opportunity to quantify these patterns and to investigate their dependence on climate, land cover, anthropogenic disturbance, and geology. At the same time, recently developed tools allow the objective extraction of geomorphic features and related attributes from the enormous amount of information contained in LiDAR digital terrain models (DTMs). The overall goal of this research project is to exploit this powerful combination of new data and new methods to deepen basic understanding of hillslope-channel process and form and to evaluate the dynamic interactions with vegetation, hydrologic response, and human-related disturbance. The investigators will employ new methods of geomorphic feature extraction and morphological analysis to a large inventory of LiDAR DTMs across Japan from the typhoon-dominated southwest to the temperate north in combination with detailed ground validation at key watersheds.This project will yield a deeper quantitative understanding of the ecogeomorphic processes that affect the evolution of humid upland landscapes, especially the process of initiating channels in such environments. Project results will provide valuable information and insights to enable planners and decision makers to address issues of critical social relevance, such as flood and landslide hazard assessment, the ecogeomorphological effects of climate variability, and land-use management in montane environments subject to extreme events.