Biomimetic pumping and scalar transport by oscillating plate arrays

1067066 Kiger该作品的灵感来自蜉蝣若虫，这是一种水生昆虫，使用7个外部板对阵列将新鲜的含氧水泵到其身体上，使其能够在局部氧气浓度降低的区域增强呼吸。蜉蝣有趣的一面是，随着它在生命周期中的生长，它从一个由粘性摩擦力主导的泵送状态转变为一个由惯性主导的泵送状态。传统上，已经研究了在这些操作条件的极端情况下的流量，并且研究该模型将使我们能够改进我们如何设计用于传感器或微反应器应用的高效微泵。所提出的工作的目的是绘制出各种运动学（鳃板的运动）对附件表面的质量运输效率的作用。这将使我们能够回答这样的问题，例如，如何最佳地泵送流体流以最大限度地对其进行采样？我们将使用在比例机器人振荡板阵列上进行的实验测量以及先进的流固相互作用直接数值模拟（FSI-DNS）的组合来研究与蜉蝣和许多微化学传感器相关的参数空间范围内的问题。两个基本的流体力学问题将通过问（1）振荡元件的阵列能够有效地最大化泵送电流的体积流率或到阵列表面的物质质量通量的机制是什么，当阵列在粘性主导和惯性主导的状态之间转换时，2)如何是一个振荡的附属泵（或更一般地说，任何扑动运动）的性能受到结构的灵活性和耦合响应的流体-结构相互作用？更广泛的影响：拟议工作的成功完成将提供计算工具，设计约束和指导方针，用于以最小的能量消耗产生具有振荡板阵列的泵浦电流。这些工具和观察将直接有益于微型系统中的泵送应用，例如微型实验室化学分析设备的自主化学传感器，并间接有益于其他扑翼系统，例如微型飞行器或微型水生机器人。

1067066KigerThe work is inspired by the mayfly nymph, which is an aquatic insect that uses array of 7 external plate pairs to pump fresh oxygenated water over its body, allowing it to enhance its respiration in regions of locally reduced oxygen concentration. The interesting aspect of the mayfly is that as it grows through its life-cycle, it moves from a regime where the pumping is dominated by viscous frictional forces to one where it is dominated by inertia. Traditionally, flows have been studied at the extreme ends of these operating conditions, and study of this model will allow us to improve how we design efficient micropumps for sensor or micro-reactor applications.The objective of the proposed work is to map out the role of various kinematics (motion of the gill plates) on the efficiency of the mass transport to the surface of the appendages. This will allow us to answer questions such as, How can one optimally pump a fluid stream to maximally sample it? We will use a combination of experimental measurement conducted on a scaled robotic oscillating plate array, as well as advanced Fluid-Solid Interaction Direct Numerical Simulation (FSI-DNS) to study the problem across a range of parametric space relevant to both mayflies and many micro-chemical sensors.Intellectual Merit: Two fundamental fluid mechanics problems will be addressed by asking (1) What mechanisms can an array of oscillating elements effectively maximize either the volume flowrate of a pumped current or the species mass flux to the array surface, as the array transitions between a viscous-dominated and an inertia-dominated regime? 2) How is the performance of an oscillating appendage pump (or more generally any flapping locomotor) affected by structural flexibility and the coupled response dictated by the fluid-structure interaction?Broader Impact: The successful completion of the proposed work will provide computational tools, design constraints and guidelines for producing a pumped current with a oscillating array of plates with a minimal amount of energy expenditure. These tools and observations will be of direct benefit to applications of pumping in micro-systems, such autonomous chemical sensors of micro lab-on-achip chemical analysis devices, and indirect benefit to other flapping systems such as micro-aerial vehicles or miniature aquatic robots.