EAGER: Understanding the Role of Turbulent Eddy Composition in Stream Ecosystem Services: Application of in-situ PIV to Habitat Selection Studies

提案标题：理解湍流涡旋成分在河流生态系统服务中的作用：原位PIV在栖息地选择中的应用首席研究员：Hans Tritico机构：扬斯敦州立大学提案编号：1102088 EAGER提案的目的是证明原位粒子图像测速（PIV）技术在解决实验室中难以回答的流体力学问题方面的适用性。 这种适用性将被证明通过连接涡流组成鱼类栖息地的选择。尽管湍流在河流环境中的普遍性和重要性，在河流中的湍流涡组成（涡直径，涡度和方向）的准确措施是缺乏的。原位PIV通过使用同步便携式激光和成像系统将实验室粒子图像测速技术扩展到现场。其结果是一个时间序列的二维矢量场，然后可以用来描述的大小，方向，分布和旋转强度的漩涡在河流中。这些湍流涡流指标将收集在棕鳟鱼观察站举行的河流的位置。研究结果将首次描述褐鳟选择栖息地的涡流特征。鳟鱼栖息地的涡流特性将被比较，以描述鱼积极选择反对的栖息地，也没有被鱼占据的区域。 该项目的好处将是：（1）展示新技术对河流研究的适用性，（2）增加对湍流和鱼类栖息地选择之间相互作用的理解，以及（3）改进河流恢复设计，增加生物多样性。 这项工作将为研究人员提供一种新的方法来了解河流过程。虽然要调查的具体过程是鱼类栖息地的选择，演示的方法将适用于感兴趣的领域，如营养混合，沉积物输运，湍流闭合算法的研究人员。 这项研究将由扬斯敦州立大学的研究人员进行，扬斯敦州立大学是一所主要的本科院校（PUI），其中包括P.I.，一名工程系本科生，一名生态系本科生，一名扬斯敦市高中生。除了上述目标，这项研究将暴露两名本科生和一名高中生在干领域的跨学科研究机会。布鲁斯汉密尔顿项目总监环境可持续性10/16/10

Proposal Title: Understanding the Role of Turbulent Eddy Composition in Stream Ecosystem Services: Application of in-situ PIV to Habitat Selection StudiesPrincipal Investigator: Hans TriticoInstitution: Youngstown state UniversityProposal No: 1102088The objective of this EAGER proposal is to demonstrate the applicability of in-situ particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology to addressing fluid mechanics questions that are difficult to answer in the laboratory. This applicability will be demonstrated by linking eddy composition to fish habitat selection. Despite the ubiquity and importance of turbulence in the fluvial environment, accurate measures of turbulent eddy composition (eddy diameter, vorticity, and orientation) in rivers are lacking. In-situ PIV extends laboratory particle image velocimetry to the field by using synchronized portable laser and imaging systems. The result is a temporal series of two-dimensional vector fields that can then be used to describe the size, orientation, distribution, and rotational strength of eddies in a river. These turbulent eddy metrics will be collected at locations where brown trout are observed station holding in a river. The results will, for the first time, describe the eddy characteristics of habitat selected by brown trout. The eddy characteristics of trout habitat will be compared to regions not occupied by the fish in order to also describe the habitat the fish are actively choosing against. The benefits of this project will be: (1) demonstration of the applicability of a new technology to fluvial research, (2) increased understanding of the interaction between turbulence and fish habitat selection, and (3) improved stream restoration designs that increase biodiversity. The proposed work will provide researchers with a novel method for understanding fluvial processes. While the specific process to be investigated is fish habitat selection, the demonstrated method will be applicable to researchers interested in fields as diverse as nutrient mixing, sediment transport, and turbulence closure algorithms. This research will be conducted by researchers from Youngstown State University, a primarily undergraduate institution (PUI), who include the P.I., one undergraduate engineering student, one undergraduate ecology student, and one Youngstown City high school student. In addition to the objectives outlined above, this research will expose two undergraduate and one high school student to interdisciplinary research opportunities in STEM fields.Bruce HamiltonProgram DirectorEnvironmental Sustainability10/16/10