Gauge fields from Strings: Novel tools for longstanding problems

理解量子规范理论的强耦合动力学，构成了我们对物质基本相互作用的理论理解，仍然是粒子物理学中的巨大挑战之一。最近理论物理学中影响最深远的想法之一，弦/规范对应，建议通过在特定弯曲背景下的弦理论的双重描述来解决这一挑战。这些反过来又提出了现代理论物理学的另一个关键问题。这一建议提出了一个明确的方案，以面对弦/规范对应框架中的几个复杂问题，强调了两个方面：与量子色动力学(QCD)的关系和定性参考，以及已建立的规范理论工具与弦的“交叉受精”。要追求的目标包括：揭示弦/规范谱的预测性、隐蔽性(互易性、超越性)；同样通过新的正则化方案，将弯曲背景中的弦量子化系统化，并使用可积性来描述威尔逊环；评估N=4超杨-米尔斯理论中的微扰红外安全量，并强调它们类似QCD的性质。出色的当地科学环境，加上我的个人专业知识和预期的国际合作，使潜在的艾美奖诺特小组处于独特的地位，可以在给定的时间框架内开展这一广泛的计划。

Understanding the strong coupling dynamics of quantum gauge theories, which constitute our theoretical understanding of the fundamental interactions of matter, remains one of the great challenges in particle physics. One of the most far-reaching recent ideas in theoretical physics, the string/gauge correspondence, suggests to address this challenge through a dual description via string theories in specific curved backgrounds. These in turn pose a further crucial problem of modern theoretical physics. This proposal puts forward a defined program to face several complex issues in the framework of the string/gauge correspondence, emphasizing two aspects: the relation and qualitative reference to quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the „cross-fertilization" of established gauge-theoretical tools to strings and viceversa. Goals to be pursued include: unveiling predictive, hidden properties of the string/gauge spectrum (reciprocity, transcendentality); systematizing the string quantization in curved backgrounds, also via novel regularization schemes and using integrability to describe Wilson loops; evaluating perturbatively infrared-safe quantities in the N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory, with an emphasis on their QCD-like properties. The outstanding local scientific environment, together with my personal expertise and the foreseen international collaborations, put the would-be Emmy Noether group in a unique position to carry out this broad program within the given time frame.