RAPID: U.S. Instrumentation and Data Processing of a Large-Scale Experiment on Soil-Structure Interaction of Underground Structures on the E-Defense Shake Table in Miki, Japan

特大城市地下系统的结构、岩土性能和震后功能在地震活跃区时受到高度关注。通常，地下系统由隧道、竖井、管道系统、公用设施或停车场/购物中心通过柔性或刚性连接组合而成。2012年2月，在日本Miki的E-Defense振动台上进行了动力荷载下地下结构的大规模土-结构相互作用试验，为研究层流土容器中隧道-竖井系统在一系列二维地面运动下的局部和全局行为提供了独特的机会。该合同的目的是提供补充仪器，安装在层状土容器中的测试试样内部和周围，以测量工程响应量，如动态水平压力的垂直分布、横向循环位移、轴向和横向应变分布，以及相邻系统的相互作用（力和位移）。测量数据旨在帮助验证和改进现有的动态土壤-结构相互作用模型，并通过各种地面运动下的独特大规模测试协助填充数据库。测量将通过压力传感器，应变计，线性可变差动变压器传感器和加速度计提供。2010年至2011年期间，日本和美国研究人员积极合作开展了这项研究和试验标本的规划。有机会为日本带来用于这些测试的额外仪器，将为成功整合和改进美国目前的仪器项目提供宝贵的经验，并将进一步加强日本和美国之间的研究合作。来自补充仪器的数据将通过George E. Brown, Jr.地震工程网络（NEES）项目仓库（http://www.nees.org）进行存档和广泛传播，这将对地震工程社区的研究人员和实践工程师有价值。该奖项是国家减少地震灾害计划（NEHRP）的一部分。

The structural and geotechnical performance and post-earthquake functionality of underground systems in megacities are of great concern when located in an active seismic region. Typically, underground systems consist of combinations of tunnels, vertical shafts, pipeline systems, utility facilities, or parking/shopping centers coupled via flexible or rigid connections. The large-scale, soil-structure interaction experiment of underground structures under dynamic loading conducted on the E-Defense shake table in Miki, Japan, in February 2012 provides the unique opportunity to study local and global behavior of tunnel-shaft systems installed in a laminar soil container under a series of two-dimensional ground motions. The objective of this award is to provide supplemental instrumentation to be installed in and around the test specimen in the laminar soil container to measure engineering response quantities such as the vertical distribution of dynamic horizontal pressures, lateral cyclic displacements, axial and transverse strain distributions, and the interaction (forces and displacements) of adjacent systems.The measured data is intended to help validate and improve existing dynamic soil-structure interaction models and assist in filling the database via a unique large-scale test under various ground motions. Measurements will be provided through pressure sensors, strain gauges, linear variable differential transformer transducers, and accelerometers. Planning for this research and test specimen has been an active collaboration between Japanese and U.S. researchers during 2010 and 2011. The opportunity of bringing additional instrumentation for these tests to Japan will enable valuable lessons on successfully integrating and improving current instrumentation programs in the United States and will further strengthen research collaboration between Japan and the United States. The data from the supplemental instrumentation will be archived and broadly disseminated via the George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering (NEES) Project Warehouse (http://www.nees.org) and will be valuable for researchers and practicing engineers in the earthquake engineering community. This award is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP).