Nonadiabatic Transport in Quantum Devices

*技术摘要*该奖项支持将探索纳米结构中强相互作用电子态的动力学的实验，目的是识别区分绝热和非绝热制度的特征时间尺度，并提高我们对此类系统中非绝热输运的理解。使用单电子晶体管中的近藤关联态作为模型，我们将通过测量时间平均电流和直接测量与频率相关的设置阻抗来表征通过该器件的传输，这是一种补充技术，有望在实验和理论之间提供直接联系。我们将研究量子点接触中输运的动力学方面，这将有助于进一步理解自旋关联在这一基本介观系统中的作用。这项工作将补充现有的块状材料相关动力学研究，并将有利于寻求基本量子态的相干控制的研究人员，以及那些对纳米尺度量子动力学的一般方面感兴趣的人。该项目将整合研究和教育目标，支持研究生和本科生在现代科学技术方面的培训，为一门关于现代实验方法的新课程和“日常生活物理”在线课程开发教学实验，并为一名物理教师和几名学生提供与主课程相关的实验项目的暑期研究夏令营。*非技术摘要*量子力学描述了物质的小构件的行为，例如导体中的电子。人们普遍认为，在最基本的尺度上了解量子行为，只涉及几个电子，就可以提高合成具有精细定制性能的材料的能力，并在开发一类根本新颖的电子设备方面取得进展。其中一个挑战是找到准确的方法来预测与环境相互作用强烈的量子系统的行为。该项目将重点研究嵌入导体中的单个电子自旋的量子力学，即近藤态，并研究该态对依赖于时间的微扰的响应。与环境的强相互作用和随时间变化的信号的存在在任何固态量子电子器件中都会发生，目前在这种情况下没有足够的数据来测试理论模型。其中一个问题是，具有强相互作用的量子系统的响应如何随着施加信号的频率而变化。该项目将确定相关的特征频率，并检查这些频率与与环境相互作用的强度之间的预测联系，并在正在开发新理论的“快速”制度下产生数据。这项工作有助于培训熟练的技术劳动力，并包含一项综合教育计划，以开发一门关于现代实验方法的课程，为一名物理教师和几名学生提供与主计划相关的实验项目的暑期研究夏令营，并构建演示，以清晰的视觉形式传达复杂的物理主题，供非理科专业的在线“日常生活物理”课程使用。

****Technical Abstract****This award supports experiments which will probe dynamics of strongly interacting electronic states in nanostructures with the goal of identifying characteristic time scales that separate adiabatic and non-adiabatic regimes, and improving our understanding of non-adiabatic transport in such systems. Using Kondo-correlated states in single-electron transistors as the model, we will characterize transport through the device by measurements of time-averaged current and by a direct measurement of the frequency-dependent SET impedance, a complementary technique which is expected to provide a direct link between experiments and theory. Dynamic aspects of transport in quantum point contacts will be investigated, which will help further understand the role of spin correlation in this fundamental mesoscopic system. The work will complement existing studies of correlated dynamics in bulk materials and will benefit researchers pursuing coherent control of elementary quantum states and those interested in general aspects of quantum dynamics on the nanoscale. The proposed project will integrate research and education goals by supporting the training of a graduate student and undergraduates in modern science and technology, developing teaching experiments for a new course on modern experimental methods and the "physics of everyday life" online course, and offering a summer research camp for a physics teacher and several students on experimental projects related to the main program.****Non-Technical Abstract****Quantum mechanics describes behavior of small building blocks of matter, such as electrons in conductors. Understanding quantum behavior on the most basic scale which involves but a few electrons is widely believed to lead to an improved ability to synthesize materials with finely tailored properties and to advances in developing a fundamentally novel class of electronic devices. One of the challenges is to find accurate methods for predicting behavior of a quantum system that strongly interacts with its environment. This project will focus on the quantum mechanics of a single electronic spin embedded in a conductor, known as Kondo state, and investigate how the state responds to a time-dependent perturbation. The combination of strong interactions with the environment and presence of time-dependent signals is to occur in any solid-state quantum electronic device, and insufficient data are presently available in such a regime for testing theoretical models. One of the questions is how the response of the quantum system with strong interactions changes with the frequency of the applied signal. This project will identify relevant characteristic frequencies and examine the predicted connection between those and the strength of the interaction with the environment, and generate data in the "fast" regimes where novel theories are being developed. The work contributes to the training of skilled technical workforce and contains an integrated education plan to develop a course on modern experimental methods, offer a summer research camp to a physics teacher and several students on experimental projects related to the main program, and construct demonstrations that convey complicated physics topics in a clear visual form to be used in an online "physics of everyday life" course for non-science majors.