Electronic and Atomistic Effects in Nanostructures

* 技术摘要 * 该项目是对复合系统的原子尺度结构和行为的研究，该复合系统是通过在最重要的电子衬底材料（包括硅、锗和碳化硅）上原子沉积、人工分层和热处理金属而制备的，这些材料是平坦的、阶梯状的或由原子线装饰的。由于量子限制和边界效应，沉积的金属，达到几个原子层厚，倾向于自组织成纳米级特征，如原子线，条纹，台面，金字塔，甚至超光滑的薄膜。这些纳米结构通常表现出不寻常的性质，这些性质与块状金属的行为没有直观的联系。基础纳米科学是开发与技术和工业进步相关的新材料和器件配置的关键基础。该研究将侧重于纳米结构的稳定性，形状和大小与系统的电子结构和化学性质之间的联系，旨在获得指导系统制造和功能化的一般理解和设计规则。实验工具将包括角分辨光电子能谱和x射线衍射，大部分工作将在国家同步辐射设施中进行。这项研究为基础科学和应用架起了桥梁，并为学生，博士后研究人员和访问学者提供了使用现代工具进行材料合成和表征的教育和培训机会。这些经验将使他们在科学研究，教育，技术和工业的职业生涯中处于有利地位。非技术摘要 * 该项目是一项研究原子尺度的结构和行为的复合系统制备的原子沉积，人工分层，和控制热处理的金属上最常见的电子基板材料，包括硅，锗和碳化硅。沉积的金属，达到几个原子层厚，往往自然发展纳米尺度的功能，如原子线，条纹，台面，金字塔，甚至超光滑的薄膜。这些纳米结构通常表现出在这些材料的本体形式中未观察到的不寻常的性质。基础纳米科学是开发工业新材料和设备配置的关键基础。该研究将侧重于纳米结构的稳定性，形状和大小与系统的电子结构和化学性质之间的联系，旨在获得一般理解和设计规则，以指导新功能材料的开发。这些实验将在国家同步辐射设施中进行，这些设施提供强x射线来探测感兴趣的系统。这项研究为基础科学和应用架起了桥梁，并为学生，博士后研究人员和访问学者提供了使用现代工具进行材料合成和表征的教育和培训机会。这些经验将使他们在科学研究，教育，技术和工业领域的职业生涯中处于有利地位。

****Technical Abstract****This project is a study of the atomic-scale structure and behavior of composite systems that are prepared by atomic deposition, artificial layering, and thermal processing of metals on the most important electronic substrate materials, including silicon, germanium, and silicon carbide, that are flat, stepped, or decorated by atomic wires. The deposited metals, amounting to few atomic layers thick, tend to self-organize into nanoscale features, such as atomic wires, stripes, mesas, pyramids, or even ultrasmooth films, because of quantum confinement and boundary effects. These nanostructures often exhibit unusual properties that are not intuitively connected to the behavior of the metals in the bulk form. The underlying nanoscale science is a key basis for developing new material and device configurations relevant to technological and industrial advances. The research will focus on the connections between the stability, shapes, and sizes of the nanostructures and the electronic structure and chemical properties of the system, with the intent to derive a general understanding and design rules for guiding system fabrication and functionalization. The experimental tools will include angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction, and much of the work will be performed at national synchrotron-radiation facilities. This research bridges basic science and applications, and provides opportunities for education and training of students, postdoctoral research associates, and visiting scholars in the use of modern tools for materials synthesis and characterization. The experiences will position them well for careers in scientific research, education, technology, and industry.****Non-Technical Abstract****This project is a study of the atomic-scale structure and behavior of composite systems prepared by atomic deposition, artificial layering, and controlled heat treatment of metals on the most common electronic substrate materials including silicon, germanium, and silicon carbide. The deposited metals, amounting to few atomic layers thick, tend to naturally develop nanoscale features such as atomic wires, stripes, mesas, pyramids, or even ultrasmooth films. These nanostructures often exhibit unusual properties that are not observed in the bulk form of these materials. The underlying nanoscale science is a key basis for developing new materials and device configurations for industry. The research will focus on the connections between the stability, shapes, and sizes of the nanostructures and the electronic structure and chemical properties of the system, with the intent to derive a general understanding and design rules to guide the development of new functional materials. The experiments will be performed at national synchrotron radiation facilities, which provide intense x-rays for probing the systems of interest. This research bridges basic science and applications, and provides opportunities for education and training of students, postdoctoral research associates, and visiting scholars in the use of modern tools for materials synthesis and characterization. The experiences will position them well for careers in scientific research, education, technology, and industry.