Implementing a Quantim CNOT Gate Using Solid State Cavity QED

将单光子技术与半导体电光器件相结合，提出了一种量子CNOT门的设计方案。这种门是量子计算机和量子通信系统的基本构建块。纳米纤维和材料生长的概念将被实施，以创建嵌入人工原子的光学微腔结构，其形式为纳米级半导体结构，称为量子点。如果量子点位于腔的中心并且处于腔谐振频率，则量子点将以光子偏振将与量子点的电子态纠缠的方式与入射光子相互作用。这种相互作用建立了量子CNOT门;光子的量子态根据电子的量子态而改变。研究课题直接关系到微光电子工业以及半导体中受限电子特性的基础研究。预计该项目将在经典和量子信息存储和处理方面有潜在的应用。由于相互作用是在单光子水平上，因此这些设备原则上将非常节能。然而，应该提到的是，该研究确实需要低温操作条件。还将考虑基于不同腔设计和在室温下保持活跃的不同光发射器的替代实现。

By combining single-photon technology with semiconductor electro-optical devices we investigate a scheme for a quantum CNOT gate. Such a gate is a fundamental building block of quantum computers and quantum communication systems. Nanofabrication and material-growth concepts will be implemented to create optical micro cavity structures with embedded artificial atoms in the form of a nanoscale semiconductor structure, called a quantum dots. A quantum dot, if positioned at the center of the cavity and at the cavity resonant frequency, will interact with an incoming photon in such a way that the photon polarization will become entangled with the electronic state of the quantum dot. This interaction establishes the quantum CNOT gate; the quantum state of the photon is changed depending on the quantum state of the electron.The research topic directly relates to the micro optoelectronics industry as well as to fundamental studies of confined electron properties in semiconductors. Potential applications in classical and quantum information storage and processing are expected to follow from this project. Since the interactions are at the single photon level, the devices will in principle be very energy efficient. It should however be mentioned that this study does require low-temperature operation conditions. Alternative implementations based on different cavity designs and different optical emitters that remain active a room temperature will also be considered.