Quantum Post-Selected Optomechanics

量子后选光机本研究讨论了最近提出的一种产生和探测光机系统量子态的方案。该方案是基于嵌套干涉仪和量子后选择技术。 考虑一个光子进入马赫-曾德干涉仪。光子在马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的一个臂中遇到光学机械系统。如果光子没有成功地改变光学机械系统的声子激发，则光子将在干涉仪的一个特定输出中离开干涉仪。然而，在声子激发的罕见事件中，光子可以在干涉仪的第二输出处离开干涉仪。该第二输出中的光子检测将针对强光机相互作用进行后选择。将其与基于光学延迟线的用于相同光子的第二干涉测量方法相结合，可以产生关于光机系统的退相干的信息。这种方法缓解了与先前用于测量宏观叠加的光学方案相关的几个挑战，并且仅需要设备处于弱耦合状态。随着这一新方案的实施，结合光机系统设计和制造的进步，（基于石墨烯、氮化硅薄膜、氮化硼和碳纳米管技术的使用）预计可以在宏观尺度上测试量子力学方面取得重大进展。光子需要量子Mulligan想象一下一场高尔夫球比赛，你可以在其中进行数百万次重复，直到最后一杆进洞本论文的“量子后选择光学力学”研究正是为了实现这一点。自从著名的薛定谔猫思想实验以来，物理学家们一直试图在越来越大的系统中观察量子效应，以便更好地理解从量子到经典行为的转变。特别是，人们的兴趣集中在光学机械系统上，这是一种可以被光推动的微小机械装置。然而，事实证明，设计一个所谓的“强耦合”器件是极其困难的，这种器件足够脆弱，可以被单个光子显著推动。这项研究涉及一种发送许多单个光子的方法，然后，在事实发生后，只选择那些由于量子涨落而推动显着的一个洞事件。在与机械装置相互作用之后，光子与自身干涉，并且通常单向行进。只有当它实际上给了设备一个量子运动（一杆进洞）时，它才会向另一个方向运动。这种后选择的方法应该能够研究力学系统的量子动力学。

Quantum Post Selected OptomechanicsThis research deals with a recently proposed scheme for producing and detecting quantum states of an opto-mechanical system. The scheme is based on nested-interferometers and quantum post-selection techniques. Consider a photon entering a Mach-Zender interferometer. The photon encounters an optomechanical system in one arm of the Mach-Zender interferometer. If the photon does not succeed in changing the phonon excitation of the optomechanical system the photon will leave the interferometer in one specific output of the interferometer. However in the rare event of a phonon excitation the photon can leave the interferometer at the second output of the interferometer. Photon detection in this second output will post-select for a strong optomechanical interaction. Combining this with a second interferometry method for the same photon, based on optical delay lines, can yield information on the decoherence of the optomechanical system. This method relieves several of the challenges associated with previous optical schemes for measuring macroscopic superpositions, and only requires the devices to be in the weak coupling regime. With the implementation of this new scheme combined with advances in the design and fabrication of optomechanical systems (based on the use of Graphene, Silicon Nitride films, Boron Nitride and Carbon nanotube technology) it is expected that significant progress towards testing quantum mechanics at the macroscopic scale can be made.Photons take a quantum MulliganImagine a game of golf in which you are allowed millions of do-overs, so-called "Mulligans," until finally hitting that hole-in-one. This research on "Quantum Post Selected Optomechanics" aims precisely at doing this. Since the famous Schrödinger's Cat thought experiment, physicists have tried to observe quantum effects in larger and larger systems, in order to better understand the transition from quantum to classical behavior. In particular, interest has focused on optomechanical systems, tiny mechanical devices that can be pushed by light. However, it has proven extremely difficult to design a so-called "strongly coupled" device, one that is flimsy enough to be pushed significantly by a single photon. This research deals with a way to send many individual photons and then, after the fact, pick only those hole-in-one events where, thanks to a quantum fluctuation, the push was significant. After the interaction with the mechanical device, the photon interferes with itself, and usually travels one way. It only travels the other way if it has actually given a quantum of motion to the device (a hole-in-one). This method of post-selection should enable the study of quantum dynamics of mechanical systems.