Coastal SEES (Track I), Collaborative: Sediment Supply in a Regime of Accelerated Coastal Erosion (SedS-RACE): Paleo-Perspectives, Anthropogenic Influences and Future Challenges

沿海see (Track I)，合作：加速海岸侵蚀制度下的沉积物供应（SedS-RACE）；古视角、人为影响和未来挑战克里斯托弗·海因，威廉和玛丽弗吉尼亚学院海洋科学研究所伊丽莎白·卡努埃尔，威廉和玛丽弗吉尼亚学院海洋科学研究所彼得·罗森，东北大学，黄朱琴，新罕布什尔大学沿海退缩和沉积物供应对社会、基础设施和沿海海洋生态系统的生态功能有着巨大的影响。这些过程也是一系列沿海政策问题的组成部分，因为世界上很大一部分？美国人口居住在距离海岸线150公里的范围内，全球沿海地区的河流沉积物供应正在减少。这个项目解决了关于海岸侵蚀的基本社会和自然科学问题，这些问题是在海平面加速上升和风暴增强的情况下，由于沉积物供应不足而引起的。这将通过对目前正在遭受严重侵蚀和强烈人类发展的沙障海岸的长期沉积物来源、人为改变和管理战略的综合调查来完成。本研究的重点是梅里马克河/梅岛（马萨诸塞州）堰洲系统。两者都经历了广泛的人类变化，加上复杂的气候变化影响，极大地减少了河流和近岸沉积物的通量。对沿海社区造成的后果是毁灭性的，其后果影响到每年、十年和百年的人口。本研究将通过发展8000年的有机生物标记代用物记录，评估梅里马克河沉积物的长期（千年尺度）记录与普拉姆岛稳定性之间的关系，以量化河流和陆架沉积物来源随时间的相对变化。然后，它将利用历史记录和数据集，普拉姆岛沿岸60年的海岸过程和海岸线测绘研究的相关性，以及人类对河流沉积物向海岸输送的影响的核心地球化学代理记录的发展，详细描述人类改变的历史和地质反应的证据。现代海岸线侵蚀研究（例如，海岸线测绘、海滩剖面、沉积物取样）将用于监测具体侵蚀事件（风暴）的短期（1-2年）影响和管理策略。然后，这些综合知识将用于确定人类改变自然沉积物供应和运输途径的性质和程度，并制定可行的可持续管理途径，以平衡自然过程、社会需求和限制以及社区？河流、屏障和相关生态系统的货币和非货币评估。这项研究的一个独特成果将是制作一部53分钟的pbs风格的纪录片，该纪录片将为复杂的社会和科学互动提供透明的视角，这些互动为围绕海岸侵蚀的集体决策过程提供信息。这部影片的详细发行和影响评估计划将使其成为一种独特的、具有广泛影响的教育和推广工具。其他的外联活动将包括将当地学生和社区成员纳入海滩监测工作，与当地城镇协调政策制定，公共讲座，以及在当地国家野生动物保护区开展展览，该展览将重点关注与普拉姆岛海岸侵蚀问题有关的人与自然相互作用。此外，它将为自然科学和社会科学领域的五名学生（1名博士，1名硕士，3名本科生）提供跨学科培训，并将支持一名早期职业科学家。

Coastal SEES (Track I), Collaborative: Sediment Supply in a Regime of Accelerated Coastal Erosion (SedS-RACE): Paleo-Perspectives, Anthropogenic Influences and Future ChallengesChristopher Hein, College of William and Mary Virginia Institute of Marine ScienceElizabeth Canuel, College of William and Mary Virginia Institute of Marine SciencePeter Rosen, Northeastern UniversityJu-Chin Huang, University of New HampshireCoastal retreat and sediment supply have tremendous impacts on society, infrastructure and the ecological functioning of coastal marine ecosystems. These processes are also integral to a range of coastal policy issues since a large fraction of the world?s population lives within 150 km of a coastline and the supply of riverine sediment to coastal regions is decreasing globally. This project addresses fundamental social- and natural- science questions surrounding coastal erosion that arise in response to insufficient supplies of sediment in a regime of accelerated sea-level rise and enhanced storminess. This will be accomplished through an integrative investigation of the long-term sediment sources, anthropogenic modifications and management strategies for a sandy barrier coast that is currently undergoing both severe erosion and intense human development. The focus of this study is the Merrimack River / Plum Island (Massachusetts) barrier system. Both have undergone wide-ranging human alterations that, combined with complex climate-change impacts, have dramatically reduced fluxes of sediment from both fluvial and near-shore sources. Results for the coastal community have been devastating, with consequences that affect human populations on annual, decadal and centennial timescales. This study will evaluate the relationship between the long-term (millennial-scale) record of sediment from the Merrimack River and the stability of Plum Island through the development of an 8000-year record of organic-biomarker proxies to quantify relative changes in the contributions of fluvial and shelf sources of sediment through time. It will then employ historical records and datasets, the correlation of 60 years of coastal-process and shoreline-mapping studies along Plum Island, and the development of down-core geochemical proxy records of anthropogenic impacts on fluvial sediment delivery to the coast, to detail the history of human modifications and evidence of geological responses. Modern shoreline-erosion studies (e.g., shoreline mapping, beach profiling, sediment sampling) will be used to monitor the short-term (1-2 yrs.) impacts of specific erosional events (storms) and management strategies. This combined knowledge will then be used to determine the nature and degree to which humans have altered natural sediment supplies and transport pathways and develop feasible sustainable paths for management that balance natural processes, societal needs and constraints, and communities? monetary and non-monetary valuation of the river, barrier and associated ecosystems.A unique product of this study will be the development of a 53-min PBS-style documentary that will provide a transparent view into the complex social and scientific interactions which inform the collective decision-making process around coastal erosion. A detailed distribution and impact-assessment plan for this film will allow it to serve as a unique and broadly-impactful education and outreach tool. Additional outreach will include the incorporation of local students and community members in beach monitoring efforts, coordinated policy development with local towns, public lectures, and the development of a display at a local National Wildlife Refuge that will focus on coupled human-natural interactions in relation to the coastal erosion problem on Plum Island. Additionally, it will provide interdisciplinary training for five students (1 PhD, 1 MSc, 3 undergraduate) both within and across the natural and social sciences, and will support an early-career scientist.