IRES: US-German Research on Human-Computer Interaction in Ubiquitous Computing

技术说明。UNH IRES项目是新汉普郡大学和德国斯图加特大学的合作项目。该计划的重点是无处不在的计算，或ubiomp。UbiComp是一个多学科研究领域，探索嵌入到日常物品中的网络计算设备。每年夏天，3名本科生和3名研究生将在斯图加特大学阿尔布雷希特·施密特教授的人机交互(HCI)实验室进行为期8周的研究。人机界面实验室是世界领先的ubiomp实验室之一。UNH UbiComp IRES项目的学生研究将集中在两个领域：车载语音交互和与公共显示器的语音交互。学生将首先调查车载语音交互，以确定不同的语音识别错误率和不同的响应时间对驾驶员的影响。随后，学生们将把与计算机互动与与乘客互动进行对比。最后，学生将利用这些实验的结果来提出新的、更安全的驾驶员与计算机语音交互的方法。在与公共显示器进行语音交互的背景下，学生将探索使用基于摄像机的眼睛跟踪器测量的瞳孔直径来估计与电子公告牌语音交互相关的认知负荷。学生们将开发技术，将由认知负荷引起的瞳孔直径变化与由显示器上的视觉目标亮度引起的瞳孔直径变化区分开来。学生随后将使用瞳孔直径来评估与公共展示的不同类型互动相关的认知负荷，为提出将口头互动和手动互动相结合的新颖互动提供基线。UNH IRES项目是新汉普郡大学和德国斯图加特大学的合作项目。该计划的重点是无处不在的计算，或ubiomp。UbiComp是一个多学科研究领域，探索嵌入到日常物品中的网络计算设备。每年夏天，3名本科生和3名研究生将在斯图加特大学阿尔布雷希特·施密特教授的人机交互(HCI)实验室进行为期8周的研究。人机界面实验室是世界领先的ubiomp实验室之一。UNH IRES项目的学生研究将集中在两个领域：车载语音交互和与公共显示器的语音交互。在汽车领域，与车载设备进行语音交互是一个重要的课题。车载设备，如内置娱乐系统和内置移动电话，正在激增，研究表明，通过触摸和/或观看与这些设备互动可能是危险的。因此，人们进行了大量的研究，以探索语音作为与车载设备交互的替代方式。UNH IRES项目的学生将讲述与车载设备进行语音交互的好处和局限性，以及真实世界的参数，例如语音识别在任何给定时刻的工作情况。他们还将致力于找出为什么与乘客交谈似乎可以降低撞车的可能性，以及我们如何能够利用这些新信息来创造更安全的车内语音互动。在电子公告牌的萌芽探索中，语音互动也是一个令人兴奋的话题。今天，人们使用公告牌来显示和阅读打印的(实体)通知。但明天呢？S的电子公告栏将更像是大型的公共网页，由用户在手机上编辑。UNH IRES项目的学生将把语音交互与其他类型的交互与电子公告牌(如直接在公告牌上打字，或在移动电话上打字)进行比较。他们将特别注意评估每种类型的互动的精神努力。他们的长期目标将是评估语音互动是否可以减少这种精神上的努力。

Technical description. The UNH IRES program is a cooperative effort between the University of New Hampshire and the University of Stuttgart in Germany. The focus of the program is on ubiquitous computing, or ubicomp. Ubicomp is a multidisciplinary field of study that explores networked computing devices that are embedded in everyday objects. Each summer 3 undergraduate and 3 graduate students will conduct research for just over 8 weeks at the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Lab of Professor Albrecht Schmidt at the University of Stuttgart. The HCI Lab is one of the leading ubicomp laboratories in the world. Student research within the UNH Ubicomp IRES program will focus on two areas: in-vehicle speech interaction and speech interaction with public displays. Students will initially investigate in-vehicle speech interactions to establish how different speech recognition error rates and different response times affect the driver. Students will subsequently contrast interacting with a computer to interacting with a passenger. Finally, students will use the results of these experiments to propose new, safer approaches to driver-computer spoken interactions. In the context of speech interactions with public displays, students will explore the use of pupil diameter measurements from video camera based eye trackers to estimate the cognitive load associated with spoken interactions with electronic bulletin boards. Students will develop techniques for separating pupil diameter changes that are due to cognitive load from those that are due to visual target luminance on the display. Students will subsequently use pupil diameter to evaluate the cognitive load associated with different types of interactions with public displays, providing a baseline for proposing novel interactions that mix spoken and manual interactions. Non-technical description.The UNH IRES program is a cooperative effort between the University of New Hampshire and the University of Stuttgart in Germany. The focus of the program is on ubiquitous computing, or ubicomp. Ubicomp is a multidisciplinary field of study that explores networked computing devices that are embedded in everyday objects. Each summer 3 undergraduate and 3 graduate students will conduct research for just over 8 weeks at the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Lab of Professor Albrecht Schmidt at the University of Stuttgart. The HCI Lab is one of the leading ubicomp laboratories in the world. Student research within the UNH IRES program will focus on two areas: in-vehicle speech interaction and speech interaction with public displays. In the automotive domain, speech interaction with in-vehicle devices is an important topic. In-vehicle devices, such as built-in entertainment systems, and brought-in mobile phones, are proliferating, and research has shown that it can be dangerous to interact with these devices by touching and/or looking. Thus, much research has been done to explore speech as an alternative way of interaction with in-vehicle devices. Students in the UNH IRES program will relate the benefits and limitations of speech interaction with in-vehicle devices with real-world parameters, such as how well speech recognition works at any given moment. They will also work to identify why it is that talking to a passenger appears to reduce the probability of a crash, and how we might be able to use this new information to create safer in-vehicle speech interactions.Speech interaction is also an exciting topic in the budding exploration of electronic bulletin boards. Today, people use bulletin boards to display and read printed (physical) notices. But tomorrow?s electronic bulletin boards will act more like large, public webpages, edited by users from their mobile phones. Students in the UNH IRES program will compare speech interaction with other types of interactions with such electronic bulletin boards (such as typing directly on the bulletin board, or typing on a mobile phone). They will pay special attention to assessing the mental effort of each type of interaction. Their long-term goal will be to assess if speech interaction can reduce this mental effort.