The North Atlantic Oscillation Over Three Millennia

北大西洋涛动（NAO）被定义为冰岛低压和亚速尔高压之间的气压差，是北大西洋地区气候的一个主要特征，与年际和年代际时间尺度的气候变化有关。北大西洋涛动也与西北大西洋的温度、盐度和环流模式的变化有关，但这些变量的高质量仪器记录仅可用于过去60年。该项目由伍兹霍尔海洋研究所的一名研究人员领导，将开发海洋对NAO反应的第一个长期记录。具体来说，缅因湾、斯科斯大陆架和纽芬兰大陆架沉积物岩心的底栖有孔虫稳定氧同位素记录将用于重建与NAO正、负相相关的海面条件下的温度和盐度模式。该项目将包括一次研究考察，以收集现有收藏中没有的沉积物岩心。这些结果将补充基于陆地的NAO记录，这些数据集将提供过去几千年来北大西洋地区大气-海洋-冰冻圈变化的整体图景。基金还为研究生和本科生提供研究机会，并为高中教师提供海上研究经验。

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), defined as the atmospheric pressure differences between the Iceland Low and Azores High, is a dominant feature of climate in the North Atlantic region and is associated with climate changes at interannual and interdecadal timescales. The NAO is also associated with changes in temperature, salinity, and circulation patterns in the northwest Atlantic, but high-quality instrumental records of these variables are only available for the past 60 years. This project, led by a researcher from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, will develop the first long term record of the ocean's response to the NAO. Specifically, benthic foraminiferal stable oxygen isotope records from sediment cores from the Gulf of Maine, Scotian shelf, and the Newfoundland continental shelf will be used to reconstruct temperature and salinity patterns in sea surface conditions associated with positive and negative phases of the NAO. The project will include a research expedition to collect sediment cores that are not available in existing collections. The results will complement land-based NAO records and together these data sets should provide a holistic picture of the atmosphere-ocean-cryosphere variability in the North Atlantic region over the past few millennia. Funding also supports research opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students, and an at-sea research experience for a high school teacher.