Bathymetric Survey of Lake Van (BathyVan), Turkey - finding answers to objectives not directly addressed by ICDP drilling at Lake Van

由于凡湖(东安纳托利亚)可以作为调查近东第四纪气候演变的关键地点，2010年夏天成功地开展了国际地球科学中心的钻探活动。初步的岩心分析表明，钻探的沉积物包含50万年的古环境和火山/地球动力学历史。由于资金限制，5个主要拟建地点中只有2个进行了钻探，而钻探提案中的一些关键问题几乎没有涉及，包括湖泊水位历史、构造以及人与环境的相互作用。钻探活动的第一个结果，如水下形成的特弗拉沉积物和钻探地点的对比孔隙水剖面，提出了新的问题，包括水下火山活动的发生和个别盆地的水文地质演化。我们建议通过收集凡湖的高分辨率水深数据集来解决这些问题(构造、水下火山学、地质灾害、湖平面历史、渗漏和水下考古学)。这项工作应辅之以选定地区的地震数据采集和特定地物的重力取心，例如断层和火山建筑物周围的历史滑坡和沉积物。新的数据与钻探和其他现有数据相结合，将有助于解决原始ICDP提案中的几个问题，从而大大有助于整个钻探活动的总体成功。

As Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia) can act as a key site for the investigation of the Quaternary climatic evolution of the Near East, an ICDP drilling campaign was successfully conducted in summer 2010. Preliminarily first core analyses show that the drilled sediments contain 500,000 years of paleo-environmental and volcanic/geodynamic history. Due to financial limitations, only 2 out of 5 primary proposed sites were drilled leaving some of the key questions of the drilling proposal nearly untouched including lake-level history, tectonics, and the interactions between man and environment. First results from the drilling campaign, such as tephra deposits formed underwater and contrasting pore water profiles from the drilled sites, bring up new questions, including the occurrence of sub-aquatic volcanic activity and the hydro-geological evolution of individual basins. We propose to address these questions (tectonics, sub-aquatic volcanology, geo-hazards, lake level history, seepage, and sub-aquatic archeology) by collecting a high resolution bathymetric data set of Lake Van. The work should be complemented by seismic data acquisition in selected areas and gravity coring of specific features, such as historic slides and sediments around faults and volcanic edifices. The new data in combination with the drilling and other already available data will allow addressing several questions of the original ICDP proposal, hence, contributing significantly to the overall success of the entire drilling campaign.