AGS-PRF: Radical Precursor Chemistry in the Northeast United States

这项博士后研究奖学金（PRF）支持一位早期职业女性科学家参与一项由美国国家科学基金会支持的大型野外活动，以测量大气中的氮化合物。冬季运输、排放和反应性调查（WINTER）活动计划于2015年1月至2月在美国东北部大西洋中部地区开展，重点关注冬季大气多相化学转化，这种化学转化通常发生得更慢，从而使所产生的污染物能够在源区下风的更广泛地理区域内运输。这项研究的结果对于理解氮化学如何影响空气质量和气候非常重要。硝基氯（ClNO2）的测量将使用化学电离质谱仪利用碘离子分子簇（I- CIMS）。将使用空腔衰荡光谱仪（CRDS）测量NO、NO2、N2O5、NO3和O3。这些仪器将与其他研究人员提供的许多其他仪器一起部署在NSF/NCAR C-130飞机上。测量的其他相关化合物包括Cl2、HONO、HNO3、HNCO、HCl和过氧硝酸盐。WINTER的三个主要研究目标是：1)通过多相、夜间和光化学过程表征冬季排放的化学转化；2)评估冬季二次气溶胶形成的主导机制，量化无机和有机气溶胶类型的地理分布；3)限制城市地区、发电厂和农业区冬季主要污染物的排放清单，并确定其向北大西洋出口的特征。

This Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (PRF) supports the participation of an early career female scientist in a large NSF-supported field campaign to measure nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere. The Wintertime Investigation of Transport, Emissions, and Reactivity (WINTER) campaign scheduled during January-February 2015, in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern U.S. focuses on atmospheric multiphase chemical transformations that generally occur more slowly in wintertime, enabling the resulting pollutants to be transported over wider geographic areas downwind of source regions. The results of this research are important for understanding how nitrogen chemistry influences air quality and climate.Measurements of nitryl chloride (ClNO2) will be made with a chemical ionization mass spectrometer utilizing iodide ion-molecule clusters (I- CIMS). Measurements of NO, NO2, N2O5, NO3 and O3 will be made using a cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS). These instruments will be deployed on the NSF/NCAR C-130 aircraft along with many additional instruments being contributed by other investigators. Other related compounds being measured include Cl2, HONO, HNO3, HNCO, HCl and peroxy nitrates.The three primary research objectives of WINTER are to: 1) Characterize the chemical transformations of wintertime emissions via multiphase, nocturnal, and photochemical processes; 2) Assess the dominant mechanisms of secondary aerosol formation and quantify the geographical distribution of inorganic and organic aerosol types during winter; and 3) Constrain wintertime emission inventories of key pollutants for urban areas, power plants, and agricultural areas, and characterize their export over the North Atlantic.