Collaborative Research: Reconstructing Interactions Between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at Multiple Timescales via the Flux and Provenance of Eolian and Fluvial Supply

合作研究：通过风沙和河流供应的通量和来源重建东亚季风和西风急流在多个时间尺度上的相互作用修订后的标题根据风提供的沙尘和大陆边缘沉积的河流输入重建东亚季风和西风急流在多个时间尺度的相互作用非技术摘要这项研究将建立东亚气候变化的强有力的新记录，这决定了世界上超过20%的人口的降水季节和强度。该提案试图确定西风急流的平均状态和变异性，以及它与东亚季风的关系，在过去300万年的关键时间间隔内，跨越广泛的背景气候。这将对这一全球关键地区的气候敏感性和行为产生一种迄今尚未实现的理解。研究人员将通过研究日本海/东海和东中国海几个关键海洋地点的化学和同位素组成来检查风吹来的粉尘和河流物质的输入。陆源物质主要通过风输送到日本海/东海，反映西风急流行为；通过长江输送到东中国海，反映降水强度和内陆中国的分布。追踪这些输入的变化可以用来推断亚洲的大气和降水制度。该项目涉及气候系统中与社会高度相关的关键部分的气候敏感性和行为。除了整合三个参与机构的努力外，这项建议还建立在与其他科学家合作的基础上，开发区域气候的补充记录，包括反映东亚夏季风强度的多项研究。这项拟议的研究涉及探险队美国科学团队的40%，汇集了大量国内和国际合作者，利用其他资金来源(美国和国际)，并直接为所有三个机构和外部的本科生和研究生教育做出贡献。技术摘要本提案旨在通过检查日本海/东海和东中国海陆源和通量的化学和同位素示踪，建立从千年到百万年时间尺度上东亚气候变化的强有力的新记录。陆源物质主要通过风输送到日本海/东海，反映西风急流行为；通过长江输送到东中国海，反映降水强度和内陆中国的分布。该建议旨在确定西风急流的平均状态和变率及其与东亚季风的耦合，特别是上更新世-更新世边界、中更新世过渡和最后~450ka的变化，并将对这一全球关键区域的气候敏感性和行为产生迄今尚未实现的理解。从IODP 346(亚洲季风)探险中新收集的沉积物岩心提供了一个独特的机会，可以产生跨越数百万年的千年尺度的连续记录。研究人员将使用XRF岩心扫描来提供高分辨率、连续的记录，并在特定的时间间隔进行元素和同位素分析，以提供对风成和河流沉积物来源变化的详细见解。将XRF扫描记录与定量的化学和同位素示踪剂相结合是令人惊讶的罕见。拟议的研究纳入了新开发的分析和统计方法，用于识别沉积物中分散的火山灰，这将确保陆源(侵蚀)信号不与火山信号相结合。该项目涉及与理解全球气候系统学高度相关的关键时间间隔内的气候敏感性和行为。东亚季风决定了超过20%的世界人口的降水季节和强度。这项研究直接针对IODP探险346的目标，涉及探险美国科学团队的40%，涉及大量国内和国际合作者，利用其他资金来源(美国和国际)，并直接为所有三个机构和其他机构的本科生和研究生教育做出贡献。

Original TitleCollaborative Research: Reconstructing Interactions Between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at Multiple Timescales via the Flux and Provenance of Eolian and Fluvial SupplyRevised TitleReconstructing interactions between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at multiple timescales based on wind-supplied dust and fluvial inputs to continental margin sedimentsNon-Technical AbstractThis research will build robust new records of East Asian climate variability, which determines precipitation seasonality and intensity for over 20% of the world's population. The proposal seeks to determine the average state and variability of the Westerly Jet and its relationship to the East Asian Monsoon during key intervals of the last 3 million years spanning a wide range of background climates. This will yield a heretofore unrealized understanding of climatic sensitivity and behavior in this globally critical region. The researchers will examine the input of wind-blown dust and riverine material by studying their chemical and isotopic composition at several key marine locations in the Japan Sea/East Sea and East China Sea. Land-derived material is primarily delivered to the Japan Sea/East Sea by wind, reflecting Westerly Jet behavior, and to the East China Sea by the Yangtze River, reflecting precipitation intensity and distribution in interior China. Tracing changes in these inputs can be used to make inferences about the atmospheric and precipitation regimes of Asia. This project addresses the climate sensitivity and behavior of a critical part of the climate system that is of high relevance to society. In addition to integrating efforts at three participating institutions, this proposal builds on collaborations with other scientists developing complementary records of regional climate, including multiple studies reflecting East Asian summer monsoon strength. The proposed research involves 40% of the expedition's US scientific party, brings together a high number of national and international collaborators, leverages off of other funding resources (US and internationally), and directly contributes to undergraduate and graduate education at all three institutions and beyond.Technical AbstractThis proposal seeks to build robust new records of East Asian climate variability on millennial to million-year timescales through examination of chemical and isotopic tracers of terrigenous provenance and flux in the Japan Sea/East Sea and East China Sea. Terrigenous material is primarily delivered to the Japan Sea/East Sea by wind, reflecting Westerly Jet behavior, and to the East China Sea by the Yangtze River, reflecting precipitation intensity and distribution in interior China. The proposal aims to determine the mean state and variability of the Westerly Jet and its coupling with the East Asian Monsoon, with a particular focus on the Plio-Pleistocene boundary, the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, and the last ~450 ka, and will yield a heretofore unrealized understanding of climatic sensitivity and behavior in this globally critical region. Newly collected sediment cores from IODP Expedition 346 (Asian Monsoon) offer a unique opportunity to produce continuous records with millennial-scale resolution spanning millions of years. The researchers will use XRF core scanning to provide high-resolution, continuous records, and perform elemental and isotopic analyses in specific time intervals to provide detailed insights into changes in eolian and fluvial sediment sources. Integrating XRF scanning records with quantitative chemical and isotopic tracers is surprisingly uncommon. The proposed research incorporates newly developed analytical and statistical methods for identifying dispersed volcanic ash in the sediment, which will ensure that the terrigenous (erosional) signal is not combined with a volcanic signal. This project addresses climate sensitivity and behavior in key time intervals of high relevance to understanding global climate systematics. The East Asian Monsoon determines precipitation seasonality and intensity for over 20% of the world's population. The research directly addresses objectives of IODP Expedition 346, involves 40% of the expedition's US scientific party, involves a high number of national and international collaborators, leverages off of other funding resources (US and internationally), and directly contributes to undergraduate and graduate education at all three institutions and beyond.