Two Phase Flow Modeling of Wind Influences on Wave Breaking

破波对于将风中的能量转移到海洋中，以及消散波场中包含的一些能量是至关重要的。然而，在这个过程中涉及的详细的三维动力学在数值模型中很难解决。该项目将改进一种高分辨率的建模方法，在同一建模框架中表示空气和水侧的运动，并且随着波的演变，准确地捕获两侧界面的瞬时位置。该模型将首次应用于浅滩波。这项研究的结果将导致对开阔海域和冲浪区波浪破碎过程中空气和水之间双向耦合的基本理解。它将大大提高我们对斜风和反风对破浪的影响的理解。该项目还将包括向学生和公众宣传沿海问题和STEM领域。本文的研究目的是研究波浪破碎过程中的能量耗散，并特别注意风的影响。斜风和反风对断裂的影响目前知之甚少，将在本研究中进行研究。基于研究者以往在剧烈自由表面流动的计算流体动力学建模方面的经验，将使用具有新颖界面捕获方案的三维两相流Navier Stokes求解器和大涡模拟模型来求解破碎波界面处空气和水的完全耦合动力学。这项工作将是首次尝试使用三维两相流和大涡模拟模型来研究波浪从深水到浅水破碎过程中海气相互作用的演变。这也将是第一次全面研究海浪和冲刷带内的海气相互作用，以及斜风和反风对破浪的影响。本文的研究结果将改进破碎引起的能量耗散、风浪间动量和能量交换与风暴潮的参数化。该项目将吸引来自缅因州农村地区的初中和高中女生，并通过缅因州大学（University of Maine）一个既定的推广项目，鼓励她们从事科学和工程方面的职业。

Wave-breaking is of critical importance for transferring energy from wind into the ocean, and for dissipating some of the energy contained in the wave field. However, the detailed, three-dimensional dynamics involved in this process is poorly resolved in numerical models. This project will improve a high-resolution modeling approach in which the motions in both the air and water side are represented in the same modeling framework, and the instantaneous location of the interface between the two sides is accurately captured as the wave evolves. This model will be applied to shoaling waves for the first time. The results from this study will lead to a fundamental understanding of the two-way coupling between air and water during wave breaking in the open ocean and the surf zone. It will significantly advance our understanding of the effect of oblique and opposing wind on breaking waves. The project will also include outreach efforts to students and general public about coastal issues and STEM areas.The research objective of this proposal is to investigate the energy dissipation during wave breaking with special attention to the influences of wind. The effect of oblique and opposing wind on breaking is currently poorly understood and will be examined in this study. Building upon the investigators previous experience in computational fluid dynamics modeling of violent free surface flow, a three-dimensional two-phase flow Navier Stokes Solver with a novel interface capturing scheme and Large Eddy Simulation model will be used to resolve the fully coupled dynamics of air and water at the interface of a breaking wave. This work will be the first attempt to investigate the evolution of air-sea interaction during wave breaking from deep to shallow water using a three-dimensional two-phase flow and a Large Eddy Simulation model. It will also be the first comprehensive study of air-sea interaction within the surf and swash zone and the effect of oblique and opposing wind on breaking waves. The results from this study will improve the parameterization of breaking induced energy dissipation, momentum and energy exchange between wind and waves and storm surge. The project will engage middle- and high-school girls, from rural areas of Maine and encourage them to careers in science and engineering through an established outreach program at University of Maine.