Model-oriented treatment of word production disorders in aphasia

在这个项目中，我们研究了慢性失语症中单词产生障碍的模型导向治疗。患者接受针对图片命名中潜在词汇缺陷的词汇通达训练。它的强度符合集体练习的原则(Pulvermüller等人，2001年)。缺陷的评估是通过将连接主义模型应用于训练前后的图片命名性能来完成的(见Abel等人，2005)：Foyel&Dell(2000)的交互激活模型规定了图片命名中的两个步骤-词素(语义指定的单词单位)的获取和音素(声音单元)的获取。该模型本质上是连接主义的，即通过计算机程序模拟这种障碍，该程序自动将损害归因于一个或两个词汇访问步骤(连接主义诊断)。使用词汇激活fMRI范式，其中两个水平的加工尽可能分别激活，可以在正常大脑和治疗前后的受损大脑中检查外显命名的加工(有关概述，见Inderey&Levelt，2000；Grande&Huber，2005)。因此，损伤和恢复通过认知模型和大脑进行分析，旨在了解潜在的恢复过程，并试图将这两个层面的解释联系起来。

In this project, we investigate model-oriented treatment of word production disorders in chronic aphasia. Patients receive lexical access training that aims at the underlying lexical deficit in picture naming. Its intensity complies with the principle of massed practice (Pulvermüller et al., 2001). Assessment of the deficit is accomplished by applying a connectionist model to picture naming performance before and after training (see Abel et al., 2005): The interactive activation model of Foygel & Dell (2000) specifies two steps in picture naming - access of lemmas (semantically specified word units) and access of phonemes (sound units). The model is connectionist in nature, i.e. the disorder is simulated by a computer program that automatically attributes the impairment to one or both lexical access steps (connectionist diagnosis). Using a lexical activation fMRIparadigm in which both levels of processing are activated as separately as possible, processing in overt naming can be examined in the normal brain, and in the lesioned brain before and after therapy (for overview, see Indefrey & Levelt, 2000; Grande & Huber, 2005). Therefore, ¿lesions¿ and ¿recovery¿ are analyzed via the cognitive model and the brain, aiming at understanding the processes underlying recovery and trying to link both levels of explanation.