EFRI-SEED: Creating Opportunities for Adaptation Based on Population in Urban Landscape for Sustainable Built Environment (PULSE)

EFRI-SEED奖项的目标是开发一个城市模拟平台，以识别和测试城市居民更好地适应室内和室外环境条件的机会，以及老化的建筑基础设施更好地适应不断变化的环境条件和新的建筑能源性能要求。 这项研究将作出贡献，可能有助于解决美国国家工程院定义的工程重大挑战之一，即“恢复和改善城市基础设施”。“此外，城市基础设施是最近批准的能源和环境设计（LEED）社区发展评级系统（LEED-ND）的主要重点，该系统将从定量分析的角度在项目中得到体现。 开发的模拟工具和技术将提供一个框架，以整合建筑师和工程师解决复杂的耦合问题，以一种新的方式，以减少建筑能耗和环境影响。 决策者将能够获得定量数据，以改进对城市环境中能源需求的评估。这种能力可以为负责任的能源政策和城市住区的增长提供一个基本框架。这项工作将使人们更好地了解可能导致系统性人口健康问题的环境压力因素。项目成果将为决策者提供必要的基线信息，以更新城市基础设施，改善人口健康。Virtual PULSE仿真工具的直接传播将面向工业和研究界，同时将为本科生/研究生和校园社区开发特殊材料。该项目将包括多尺度建模，整个系统边界跨越整个城市社区，以捕捉多个建筑物对冷却/加热/照明能量流的综合影响，同时保持模型分辨率足够小，以基于第一原理（守恒定律直接应用于多个尺度）模拟这些影响。能量流建模工作将与乘员舒适度和健康的研究成果相结合，从粘膜刺激和下呼吸道症状到乘员警觉性。 马里兰州大学、宾夕法尼亚州立大学、马萨诸塞州理工学院和哈佛大学的主校区将作为本项目的案例研究，以开发与建筑能源使用和居住者对城市环境满意度相关的城市设计性能指标。这些指标将通过在社区范围内充分利用太阳、风和雨，以及考虑居住者的投入，来支持改进建筑能源控制策略的发展。 所开发的软件，包括接口，将以开放式软件结构提供。 研究团队计划启用社区基础设施，研究人员可以为Virtual PULSE模型提供重要的输入，以改进社区模拟和数据收集。

The objective of this EFRI-SEED award is to develop an urban simulation platform to identify and test opportunities for urban dwellers to better adapt to indoor and outdoor environmental conditions and for the aging building infrastructure to better adapt to changing environmental conditions and new building energy performance requirements. This research will make contributions that could potentially help address one of the Grand Challenges for Engineering defined by the National Academy of Engineering as "Restore and Improve Urban Infrastructure." Also, the urban infrastructure is the main focus of the recently approved Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) for Neighborhood Development Rating System (LEED-ND), which will be represented in the project from a quantitative analysis perspective. Developed simulation tools and techniques will provide a framework to integrate architects and engineers for solving complex coupled problems in a novel way to decrease building energy consumption and environmental impacts. Policy makers will have access to quantitative data to improve assessment of energy demands in urban environments. Such capacity can provide a fundamental framework for responsible energy policy and growth of urban settlements. The work will provide better understanding of environmental stressors that can lead to systemic population health problems. The project results will provide policy makers with baseline information necessary to upgrade urban infrastructure for improved population health. Direct dissemination of the Virtual PULSE simulation tool will be aimed for the industry and research community, while special materials will be developed for undergraduate/graduate students and campus communities. The project will include multi-scale modeling with overall system boundaries spanning across a whole urban neighborhood to capture the combined effect of multiple buildings on energy flows for cooling/heating/lighting, while maintaining a model resolution small enough to simulate these effects based on first principles (conservation laws directly applied to multiple scales). The energy flow modeling efforts will be coupled with research outcomes on occupant comfort and health ranging from mucosal irritation and lower respiratory symptoms to occupant alertness. The main campuses at the University of Maryland, Pennsylvania State University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University will serve as case studies for this project to develop urban design performance metrics related to building energy use and occupant satisfaction with the urban environment. These metrics will support the development of improved building energy control strategies by taking full benefits of sun, wind and rain at the neighborhood scale, as well as accounting for inputs from occupants. The developed software, including interfaces, will be available in open software architecture. The research team plans to enable a community infrastructure, where researchers can provide vital input into the Virtual PULSE model for improved neighborhood simulations and data collection.