RAPID: Measurements of Coarse Aerosol During WINTER

大气中超微米（大于1微米）大小的颗粒的测量和化学分析是计划于2015年1月和2月进行的基于飞机的冬季运输、排放和反应性调查（WINTER）野外活动的一部分。冬季活动的一个重要目标是描述冬季美国东北部和大西洋中部地区空气排放的多阶段化学处理和运输。这些数据与其他竞选调查人员的测量结果相结合，有望为冬季大气中发生的化学过程提供独特的见解。这项研究与用于预测空气质量和气候变化的模型的开发和优化有关。对气溶胶样本的化学分析将提供大气中可溶性离子（氯化物、硝酸盐、硫酸盐、草酸盐、钠、铵、钾、镁和钙）浓度的数据。气溶胶氯化物的丰度和分布对硝基氯（ClNO2）的生成和区域大气光化学具有重要影响。超微米海盐和粉尘颗粒可以作为气相硝酸和硫酸的强水槽，并影响氮和硫氧化物的化学循环，可能与导致新颗粒形成的过程竞争。冬季活动的综合结果将使人们对大气中人为污染物排放的全年命运有更全面的了解。

Measurements and chemical analysis of super-micron (greater than 1 micrometer) sized particles in the atmosphere are being made as part of the aircraft-based Wintertime Investigation of Transport, Emissions, and Reactivity (WINTER) field campaign, scheduled to take place during January and February 2015. An important goal of the WINTER campaign is to characterize the multiphase chemical processing and transport of air emissions over the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic US during wintertime. These data, when combined with the measurements being made by other campaign investigators, are expected to provide unique insight into the chemical processes that occur in the atmosphere during the winter months This research is relevant to the development and optimization of models used for predicting air quality and climate change.Chemical analysis of the aerosol samples will provide data on the concentrations of soluble ions (chloride, nitrate, sulfate, oxalate, sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium and calcium) in the atmosphere. The abundance and distribution of aerosol chloride can play a critical role in the production of nitryl chloride (ClNO2) and influence regional atmospheric photochemistry. Supermicron sea salt and dust particles can serve as strong sinks for gas phase nitric and sulfuric acids and influence the chemical cycling of nitrogen and sulfur oxides, possibly competing with processes leading to new particle formation. The combined results from the WINTER campaign will lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the year-round fate of anthropogenic pollutant emissions in the atmosphere.