RAPID Investigation of Active Fissure Eruptions, Holuhraun, Iceland

Bárðarbunga火山系统是冰岛活动裂谷带中典型的基本扩张单元。它们由中心火山和裂缝群组成，裂缝群通常宽10-25公里，长数十公里。裂缝群是由中央火山注入的岩脉侵入的地表表现。2014年9月3日，由于地震活动和大地测量数据显示Bárðarbunga破火山口急剧下沉，形成了一个喷发裂缝。更多的裂缝喷发形成并产生了高达50米的火喷泉和覆盖近20平方公里的熔岩流。冰岛中部和中北部内陆高地的大部分地区被疏散，并对公众关闭，因为担心中央火山的冰下喷发可能产生jökulhlaup，危及进出该地区的交通。与冰岛大学合作？该团队计划使用一架配备GPS导航的小型无人机和Go-Pro（静止+视频），在一次15分钟的调查中，对活跃的和最近活跃的（几天前）熔岩场和裂缝喷发进行数字图像拼接，覆盖许多平方公里。A和pahohoe流量单位。直接观察和录像将记录当地的流速、坡度等。将收集样品以评估样品的囊泡性和结晶度。一个目标是使用这些数据将这些参数与流形态联系起来，这将提供一个逻辑的“缩放”？他们在雪城大学的熔岩项目中所做的实验。

The Bárðarbunga volcanic system is typical of the fundamental spreading units in the active rift zones of Iceland. These consist of central volcanoes and fissure swarms that are typically 10-25 km wide and tens of kilometers in length. The fissure swarms are the surface expression of dike intrusions fed by the central volcanoes. On September 3, 2014 an eruptive fissure formed as seismic activity and geodetic data showed dramatic subsidence of the Bárðarbunga caldera. More fissure eruptions developed and produced fire fountains up to 50 meters in height and lava flows covering nearly 20 square kilometers. Much of the central and north- central interior highlands of Iceland were evacuated and closed to the public, due to concerns that a subglacial eruption at the central volcano could generate a jökulhlaup, jeopardizing transportation both in and out of the area. In collaboration with the University of Iceland?s Earth Science Institute, the team plans to use a small drone equipped with GPS navigation and a Go-Pro (still+video) to produce digital image mosaics that cover many square kilometers in a single 15 minute survey of the active and recently active (days old) lava fields and fissure eruptions with images of fire fountaining, spatter deposits, a?a and pahoehoe flow units. Direct observations and video will document local flow rates, slopes, etc. Samples will be collected to assess the vesicularity and crystallinity of the samples. One goal will be to use these data to relate these parameters to the flow morphology, which would provide a logical ?scaling-up? of experiments they are doing at Syracuse University in the SU Lava Project.