CAREER: Multiphase magnetohydrodynamic mixing models for liquid metal battery applications

PI：凯利，道格拉斯建议书编号：1552182这份职业建议书的目标是探索流体动力学效应，这些效应对使用液态金属作为电极的电池的性能非常重要。这类电池在具有间歇性能源的电网上具有很强的储能应用前景，例如基于可再生能源的电网。PI建议使用在较低温度(约160摄氏度)下为液态的合金，而不是目前应用的选项，即在550摄氏度范围内进行操作。电池的行为是从运输现象的角度来看的，其中流体流动、质量和热传递限制了电池的性能。之前的工作主要集中在材料和化学上。在液态金属电池中，流体流动将反应物带到主反应充放电电池的界面约10 mm，去除反应物质，并防止不需要的固体的形成。这项工作中要解决的问题包括：哪一种边界层--粘性、热性或电磁--介导了质量传输？流动如何影响固相的生长和侵蚀？固相是如何影响流动的？尺寸和长宽比如何影响投入和产出之间的关系？传质速率如何依赖于温差和电流密度？

PI: Kelley, Douglas Proposal Number: 1552182The goal of this CAREER proposal is to explore the fluid dynamics effects that are important in the performance of batteries that utilize liquid metals as electrodes. Such batteries hold a strong promise for energy storage applications on an electrical grid with intermittent energy sources, such as one based on renewable energy sources. The PI proposes to use alloys that are liquid at lower temperatures (at about 160C) instead of currently applied options, where operations at temperatures in the range of 550C are used. The battery behavior is viewed from the transport phenomena point of view, where fluid flow, mass and heat transfer are limiting the battery performance. Prior work has focused on materials and chemistry. In a liquid metal battery, fluid flow brings reactants about 10 mm to the interface where primary reactions charge and discharge the battery, removes reacted material, and prevents the formation of undesirable solids. The questions to be addressed in this work include: Which boundary layer - viscous, thermal, or electromagnetic - mediates mass transport? How does flow affect growth and erosion of solid phases? How do solid phases affect flow? How do size and aspect ratio affect the relationship between inputs and outputs? How does the mass transfer rate depend on temperature difference and current density?