CAREER: Cyber Physical Solution for High Penetration Renewables in Smart Grid

将大量可再生能源有效整合到电网中，对于可持续发展的未来和更绿色的智慧城市至关重要。由于不可预测的天气变化，超过80%的太阳能和风能可再生能源不能有效利用。将光伏能源大规模且具有成本效益地整合到智能电网中具有挑战性，因为：(a)天气模式的不可预测性和间歇性，(b)太阳能发电的上午快速上升和下午快速下降引发电网的不稳定性，(c)太阳下山时太阳能发电不可用，需要位置储能设施，以及(d)缺乏有效和智能的按需共享太阳能发电与电网中的传统发电的技术。目前的太阳能集成技术是基于不可靠的天气预报和无效的负荷分担，这使得整体电网性能不可靠和效率低下，因此需要更广泛的整体前景。这项研究为未来的智能电网带来了一个整体的愿景，即将其各种组件与用于预测和分布式储能的智能负荷共享的新型计算工具协同集成。本研究收集光伏电站的实时数据，对各种数据集进行高端建模、分析和可视化，以了解、预测和缓解光伏间歇性引发的系统不稳定和波动。该解决方案可用于电力公司指挥和控制中心的规划过程。所开发的方法是一种适应性、弹性、高效和有效的可再生能源整合方法，将广泛适用于能源部门，从而减少碳足迹，并使系统在预期的可再生能源高渗透和意想不到的间歇性下保持稳定。这个解决方案填补了空白，将帮助我们的国家更接近可持续未来的最终目标，包括智能清洁电网。该项目将开展几项外展活动，以吸引来自代表性不足群体的学生。

Effective integration of large amounts of renewable energy into the grid is of utmost importance for sustainable future and greener smart cities. Due to the unpredictable variations in weather, over 80% of the available renewable energy from solar and wind sources cannot be harnessed effectively. Large scale and cost-effective integration of photovoltaic energy into the smart grid is challenging due to: (a) unpredictability and intermittency of weather pattern, (b) fast morning ramp up and afternoon ramp down of solar generation that triggers instabilities in the grid, (c) unavailability of solar generation at sun down requiring the need for locational energy storage facilities, and (d) lack of technologies for efficient and intelligent on-demand sharing of solar generation with conventional power generation in the grid. Current technologies of solar integration are based on unreliable weather prediction and ineffective load sharing that make the overall grid performance unreliable and inefficient, thus necessitating the need for a broader outlook of the whole picture. This research brings a holistic vision of the future smart grid as a synergistic integration of its various components with novel computational tools for forecasting and intelligent load sharing with distributed energy storage. The study collects real-time Photovoltaic (PV) data from the plant, conducts high-end modeling, analysis and visualization on various datasets to understand, predict and mitigate the system instabilities and fluctuations triggered by PV intermittencies. This solution can be used in the planning process at the command and control centers for electric utilities.The developed approach, which is an adaptive, resilient, efficient and effective integration of renewables, will be applicable broadly in the energy sector thereby reducing carbon footprint and making the system stable under expected high penetration of renewable sources and unanticipated intermittencies. This solution fills the gap that will help our nation steer closer to the ultimate goal of a sustainable future involving a smart clean power grid. This project will pursue several outreach activities to engage with students from underrepresented groups.