Sustained measurements of Southern Ocean air-sea coupling from a mobile autonomous platform

南大洋的海气耦合动力学在海洋中起着至关重要的作用？的运输和储存的热量和二氧化碳，以及这些过程对气候变化的反应。 该项目通过为期6个月的波浪滑翔机部署，提高了我们在风下观察海气动力的能力。 波浪滑翔机已被充分证明是一个用于公海工作的坚固的高耐力平台，并已开始展示其进行研究质量测量的能力。该项目将通过增加我们对车辆和传感器性能以及测量空气质量的适用性的理解来提高这种能力。海洋的动量、水分和热量的通量。与此同时，该飞行器将用于研究有关海气相互作用的关键科学问题。该项目将通过当地学校、西雅图水族馆和太平洋科学中心对研究生和本科生进行培训和推广活动。该项目的主要研究课题是南大洋风的空间结构和表面特性，表面波Stokes漂移对上层海洋Ekman输运的影响，风应力的波浪调制，输入海洋的近惯性风能，以及风与海面温度之间的耦合。这些观测将由Liquid Robotics Wave Glider SV 3自主水面飞行器进行，该飞行器用于测量表面波，温度和盐度，上层洋流，气压和风。部署和恢复将利用计划的巡航维护海洋观测站倡议南大洋阵列和重新供应美国南极计划的帕尔默站。取样计划包括：（1）在海洋观测站倡议海气相互作用浮标附近进行为期三个月的调查，以研究空间结构，并对各种传感器及其对航行器航向、风和波浪条件的反应进行交叉校准;（2）在南极绕极流至德雷克海峡方向进行为期两个月的下游网格调查;（3）从劳伦斯M号考察船恢复前，德雷克海峡南部极锋和南ACC锋之间的弱流区长达一个月的时间序列。古尔德

The coupled air-sea dynamics of the Southern Ocean play a critical role in the ocean?s transport and storage of heat and carbon dioxide and the response of these processes to climate change. This project advances our capability to observe air-sea dynamics under winds through a 6-month deployment of a wave glider. The wave glider has been adequately demonstrated as a robust high-endurance platform for open-ocean work and has begun to demonstrate its capability for research-quality measurements. This project will advance that capability by increasing our understanding of vehicle and sensor performance and suitability for measuring air?sea fluxes of momentum, moisture, and heat. Simultaneously, the vehicle will be used to study critical scientific questions on air-sea interactions. The project will include graduate and undergraduate student training and outreach activities through local schools, the Seattle Aquarium, and the Pacific Science Center.The main research topics addressed in this project are the spatial structure of winds and surface properties in the Southern Ocean, the influence of surface wave Stokes drift on Ekman transport in the upper ocean, wave modulation of wind stress, near-inertial wind energy input into the ocean, and the coupling between winds and sea surface temperature. The observations will be taken by a Liquid Robotics Wave Glider SV3 autonomous surface vehicle instrumented for measurements of surface waves, temperature and salinity, upper-ocean currents, barometric pressure, and winds. Deployment and recovery will exploit planned cruises maintaining the Ocean Observatories Initiative Southern Ocean array and re-supplying the US Antarctic Program's Palmer Station. The sampling plan consists of (1) three months near the Ocean Observatories Initiative air-sea interactions buoy to study spatial structure and allow cross-calibration of the various sensors and their responses to vehicle heading and wind and wave conditions; (2) two months conducting a downstream grid survey across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current towards Drake Passage; and (3) a month-long timeseries in southern Drake Passage in the weak-current region between the Polar Front and the Southern ACC Front before recovery from the R/V Laurence M. Gould.