Understanding Teacher Enactment of New Science Standards and Needs for Implementation Support

研究人员将检查下一代科学标准（NGSS）实施的保真度和质量，以响应由研讨会和专业学习社区组成的广泛的专业发展计划。此外，本研究还将调查个别教师的背景特征、他们对科学教学和学习的个人信念、学生的特征和其他情境变量如何影响这种实施。研究结果将为地区和州的政策制定者提供有关教师成功实施NGSS所需的支持类型的信息，并将区分对不同教师背景和学生群体的支持。因此，该项目将支持在全国更多地区改善科学教学，为更多学生提供服务。通过柏克德基金会资助的项目，NGSS的课堂实施将在加州的四个地区进行观察，这些地区将获得广泛的专业发展和相关实施支持。这项研究将包括对20名中学教师领导和40名接受不同程度支持的普通中学教师进行个案研究和交叉案例分析。教师将根据抽样标准招聘，包括先前的科学教学经验、教学条件、教师内容背景、所服务学生的特征和地点。对于每个教师案例，研究人员将检查教案和课程文件，进行课堂观察，收集教学文物，并采访教师。此外，研究人员将对教师进行调查，并对学生的学习机会进行调查。本项目由美国国家科学基金会EHR核心研究（ECR）项目支持。ECR项目强调在该领域产生基础知识的基础STEM教育研究。

Researchers will examine the fidelity and quality of their implementation of Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) in response to an extensive professional development program of workshops and professional learning communities. In addition the study will investigate how individual teacher background characteristics, their personal beliefs about science teaching and learning, the characteristics of their students, and other contextual variables affect such implementation. Study findings will inform district and state policy makers about types of supports teachers need to implement NGSS successfully, and will differentiate between supports for various teacher backgrounds and student groups. As such, the project will support improved science teaching in more sites and for more students nationwide. NGSS classroom implementation will be observed in four California districts receiving extensive professional development and related implementation supports through a program funded by the Bechtel Foundation. The research will include individual case studies and a cross-case analysis on a set of 20 middle school teacher leaders and 40 rank-and-file middle school teachers receiving various levels of support. Teachers will be recruited based on sampling criteria that include prior science teaching experiences, teaching conditions, teacher content backgrounds, characteristics of students served, and location. For each teacher case, researchers will inspect lesson plans and curricular documents, conduct classroom observations, collect teaching artifacts, and interview the teachers. In addition, researchers will conduct teacher surveys, and a survey of students' opportunities to learn. This project is supported by NSF's EHR Core Research (ECR) program. The ECR program emphasizes fundamental STEM education research that generates foundational knowledge in the field.