Imposing Stronger Constraints at the Submicron Range on Hypothetical Long-Range Forces

在过去的几十年里，寻找宇宙标准模型预测之外的宏观力受到了实验家的特别关注。了解自然界的基本力量一直是物理学的重要组成部分。虽然第一个这样的力是引力，我们对这种相互作用的理解对于相互作用的物体之间相对较大的距离是非常精确的，但它在短距离上的有效性直到最近才得到测试。此外，未被探测到的光玻色子（控制自旋极化体之间相互作用的基本粒子）的可能性非常有限。这些组织计划努力更好地了解这些问题。通过结合样品开发和源与测试质量之间相互作用的非常精确的测量，将获得对潜在光玻色子的相互作用强度和质量的更好的了解。PI和co-PI将继续吸引物理和工程专业的本科生和高中生参与拟议的工作。参与该项目的研究生还将对本科生负有监督职责，提高他们的领导能力。这两个pi都是少数群体成员，他们将从物理学中代表性不足的群体中招募学生参与这项研究。特别是，PI将利用他作为奇卡诺人和美洲原住民科学进步协会(SACNAS)-IUPUI分会的联合顾问的地位，使西班牙裔和美洲原住民社区对科学事业感兴趣。研究生将在物理学、精密测量和磁学两个分支学科进行培训。在社区聚会活动（理学院新生野餐日、开放日）、招募活动和课堂环境中，将展示与力的原理、力在远处的作用以及力随距离增加而减弱的相关演示。具体而言，该提案将：i)扩展亚微米范围内非极化质量的现有限制。这将主要通过对先前使用的系统进行微小修改来实现，ii)开发无净磁化的自旋极化质量。这一发展将通过在所需的几何形状中沉积薄膜来完成，（iii）使用生长的自旋极化，零磁化薄膜来约束短距离内单极-偶极相互作用的存在，以及（iv）研究实验中存在的剩余静电力的系统效应。在测试和源体表面随机电位的影响下，测量短距离处的小力时所遇到的普遍问题将继续进行研究。

Search for macroscopic forces outside predictions from the Standard Model of cosmology have received particular attention by experimentalists in the last few decades. Understanding the fundamental forces of nature has always been an important part of physics. While the first such force studied was the gravitational force and our understanding of this interaction is extremely precise for relatively large separations among the interacting bodies, its validity at short distances has only recently been tested. Furthermore, the possibility of undetected light bosons, elementary particles governing the interaction between spin polarized bodies, is very poorly constrained. The groups plans to undertake an effort to gain a better understanding of these issues. By combining sample development and very precise measurements of the interactions between a source and a test mass, a much better knowledge of the interaction strength and mass of potential light bosons will be gained. The PI and co-PI will continue to attract undergraduate and high school students in physics and engineering to participate in the proposed work. Graduate students involved in the project will also have supervisory duties over undergraduate students, improving their leadership skills. Both PIs are minority members, and they will recruit students to participate in this research from underrepresented groups in physics. In particular the PI will use his position as co-advisor of the Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS)-IUPUI chapter to interest the Hispanic and Native American community in Science careers. Graduate students will be trained in two sub-disciplines in physics, precision measurements and magnetism. Demonstrations associated with the principles of forces, their actions at a distance and the decrease of their strength as the distance increases will be presented at community gathering events (School of Science Freshmen Picnic Day, Open Houses) and recruiting events and in the classroom environment.Specifically, this proposal will: i) extend existing constraints for unpolarized masses at submicron range. This will be achieved mainly through a minor modification of the system previously used, ii) develop spin-polarized masses with no net magnetization. This development will be accomplished by the deposition of thin films in the required geometry, (iii) use the grown spin-polarized, zero magnetization films to constrain the existence of monopole-dipole interactions at short ranges, and (iv) study the systematic effect of the residual electrostatic forces present in the experiment. The ubiquitous problem encountered in the measurement of small forces at short separations arising from the effect of random electric potential on the surfaces of the test and source bodies will continue to be investigated.