RAPID: Risk Perception, Threat, and Anxiety Decay in Lone-Wolf Terrorist Events in the US

这个项目研究了美国公众对国内恐怖主义的风险认知，特别关注所谓的“独狼”恐怖袭击。这项研究对具有全国代表性的美国居民进行了抽样调查，然后在以后重新调查他们。这使调查人员能够研究与国内恐怖主义有关的风险认知，特别是这些风险认知如何随着时间的推移而增加或减少。这项调查衡量了与人们对各种类型的恐怖主义袭击的看法相关的一些特征，包括所谓的独狼袭击。第二次调查将在第一次调查后大约六个月衡量相同的特征。这两项调查的综合数据将有助于更好地了解恐怖主义事件风险认知之间的相互关系，以及这些认知随时间变化的方式和原因。更好地了解与独狼恐怖袭击相关的具体和潜在独特的风险和威胁认知，对公共政策和机构反应具有影响。更具体地说，该项目将采用两波小组调查，在具有全国代表性的美国居民样本中调查与国内恐怖主义有关的风险认知。这种两波设计将使调查人员能够从理论和实践上测试有关独狼袭击中风险感知动态的重要假设，这些感知在6个月的时间内如何变化，包括感知风险“衰退”和“社会放大”的特征，以及这些变化与其他类型威胁的风险感知如何比较。调查人员希望在尽可能接近2015年圣贝纳迪诺(12月2日)、科罗拉多州斯普林斯(11月17日)、巴黎(11月13日)、查塔努加(7月16日)和查尔斯顿(6月17日)的焦点事件的时间内，将第一波浪潮带入该领域。调查的第一波衡量了人们对各种类型的恐怖主义袭击的看法，包括努力确定受访者认为的一系列事件中的哪些是独狼袭击。问卷将通过互联网向具有全国代表性的样本发放。第一波样本将由大约1700名受访者组成。第二波调查将包括对这1,700名受访者中约1,200人的重新访问，在最初访问6个月后，受访者数量的差异是由于预期的自然减员。

This project studies risk perceptions among the American public regarding domestic terrorism, with a particular focus on so-called "lone-wolf" terrorist attacks. The study surveys a nationally representative sample of U.S. residents, then re-surveys them at a later time. This enables the investigators to study risk perceptions relating to domestic terrorism and, particularly, how those risk perceptions increase or decrease over time. The survey measures a number of characteristics associated with perceptions of various types of terrorism attacks, including so-called lone-wolf attacks. The second survey will measure the same characteristics approximately six months after the first survey. The combined data from the two surveys will contribute to a better understanding of the correlates of risk perceptions of terrorist events and how and why those perceptions change over time. Better understanding of the specific and potentially unique risk and threat perceptions associated with lone-wolf terrorist attacks has implications for public policy and institutional responses.More specifically, the project will employ a two-wave panel survey of risk perceptions relating to domestic terrorism among a nationally representative sample of U.S. residents. This two-wave design will enable the investigators to test theoretically and practically important hypotheses about the dynamics of perceptions of risk in lone-wolf attacks, how these perceptions change over a 6-month period of time, including the character of perceived risk "decay" and "social amplification," and how these changes compare with risk perceptions of other kinds of threat. The investigators hope to get the first wave into the field in as close time proximity as possible to the focusing events of 2015 in San Bernardino (December 2), Colorado Springs (November 17), Paris (November 13), Chattanooga (July 16), and Charleston (June 17). Wave 1 of the survey measures perceptions of various types of terrorism attacks, including an effort to identify which of a number of events respondents consider to be lone-wolf attacks. The questionnaire will be administered over the internet to a nationally representative sample. The wave 1 sample will consist of approximately 1,700 respondents. The wave 2 survey will consist of re-interviews of an estimated 1,200 of these 1,700 respondents 6 months after the initial interviews The difference in number of respondents is due to expected attrition.