SBIR Phase II: Automatic Generation of As-Built BIM Models Using a Single Video Camera

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）二期项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力将是通过建筑信息模型（BIM）扫描的民主化和自动化来改变商业建筑。持续的设计和变更管理是一项独特的挑战，每年使美国建筑业损失数十亿美元。为了防止如此巨大的经济损失，这个行业正在进行一场数字革命。BIM被称为第一个真正的全球数字技术，可以彻底改变建筑行业。然而，BIM的使用目前是有限的，因为它只适用于大型项目。主要原因是这一过程过于费力和昂贵。所提出的技术将彻底消除这些障碍。它的易用性、无处不在的捕获设备和自动对象检测使建成后的BIM建模民主化。由于该技术以加速项目进度、减少信息请求和更改订单数量以及及时识别设计冲突的形式提供的流线型和数据管理能力，可以产生巨大的价值。这将通过启用支持自动BIM建模的新产品和服务，为提高美国建筑业的竞争力铺平道路。这个小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目调查了一种自动化和廉价的解决方案的技术和商业可行性，以解决建筑行业中扫描到bim的问题。扫描到bim是指对物理结构进行三维扫描，并将捕获的原始空间数据转换为面向对象的、语义丰富的模型。尽管有一些技术旨在促进这一过程，但3D建模组件仍然主要是一项手动且耗时的任务。当使用所提出的技术时，非技术工人对目标结构进行录像。视频自动发送到服务器进行处理。一个独特的视频测量3D重建引擎重建三维几何结构的三维点云的形式。然后，它以观察的形式从关键视频帧和空间数据中提取对象假设。然后，优化一种新的相干联合概率分布函数，推导出三维布局。结果是具有嵌入几何属性和属性集的结构的面向对象的3D表示。该技术的主要新颖之处在于将低级分割与高级空间建模相结合的混合方法。这推动了强大智能的发展，特别是对复杂、非结构化数据的解释。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project will be to transform commercial construction through the democratization of scanning and automation of Building Information Modeling (BIM). Constant design and change management is a unique challenge that is costing the US construction industry billions of dollars annually. In order to prevent such a huge economic loss, this industry is in the path for a digital revolution. BIM is known as the first truly global digital technology that could revolutionize the construction industry. However, BIM usage is currently limited because it is only viable for large-scale projects. The primary reason is that the process is too laborious and expensive. The proposed technology will completely eliminate these barriers. Its ease-of-use, ubiquity of the capturing device, and automated object detection democratizes as-built BIM modeling. Enormous value could be generated due to streamlining and data management capabilities that are offered by the technology in the form of accelerated project schedules, reduced numbers of requests for information and change orders, and timely identified design clashes. This will pave the way to increase the competitiveness of the US construction industry, by enabling new products and services that support automatic BIM modeling.This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project investigates the technical and commercial feasibility of an automatic and inexpensive solution for the Scan-to-BIM problem in the construction industry. Scan-to-BIM refers to 3D scanning of a physical structure and converting the captured raw spatial data into an object-oriented, semantically-rich model. Although there are a few technologies that aim to facilitate this process, the 3D modeling component remains primarily a manual and time-consuming task. When using the proposed technology, a non-technical worker videotapes the target structure. The video is automatically sent to a server for processing. A unique videogrammetric 3D reconstruction engine reconstructs the 3D geometry of the structure in the form of a 3D point cloud. It then extracts object hypotheses from key video frames and spatial data in the form of observations. Afterwards, it optimizes a novel coherent joint probability distribution function and infers a 3D layout. The outcome is an object-oriented 3D representation of the structure with embedded geometrical attributes and property sets. The main novelty of this technology lies in a hybrid approach that combines low-level segmentation with high-level space modeling. This advances the state-of-the-art in robust intelligence, particularly the interpretation of complex, unstructured data.