Meeting: Integrative Life-History of Whole-Organism Performance; A Symposium for the Annual SICB Meeting in New Orleans, LA, January 4-8 2017

当生物体将能量用于某一目的时，它们必须牺牲能量用于其他目的。虽然许多研究人员已经研究过动物是如何将原本可以用于某些事情的能量（比如免疫系统）用于繁殖的，但很少有人考虑过运动表现是如何与之相适应的。表现显然对生存很重要，需要大量的能量，所以为了更好地理解动物如何以及为什么在它们的行为中投入能量，有必要了解表现在这些决定中的地位。pi组织了一个研讨会，将来自不同背景、不同职业阶段和不同生物科学机构的演讲者聚集在新奥尔良的2017年综合与比较生物学学会会议上，讨论这些非常基本的问题。这笔资金将提供旅费和生活费用，以促进讨论和传播所产生的意见。第一次专题讨论会的内容将通过在SICB期刊《综合与比较生物学》上发表11篇同行评议的出版物来传播。除了研讨会的技术交流之外，他们还将使用几个在线博客和Twitter来吸引非科学家。他们开发了一个社交网络活动和“补充会议”，针对初级科学家（博士后研究人员、研究生和本科生）的演讲和海报，为这些初级研究者提供一个与该领域专家互动和接收反馈的机会。生命史理论试图解释不同但相关的生物特征是如何通过选择而形成的，以实现繁殖的成功。这一观点的核心是，将获得的精力资源投资于某一特定特征，会拒绝将同样的资源分配给另一种特征。这种约束构成了生命史权衡的近似基础，其中研究得最好的可能是生存与繁殖力的权衡。尽管生活史理论在阐明资源分配如何导致对环境的适应性反应方面非常有用，但仍不清楚哪些增强生存的特征受到权衡的影响，以及生活史调节机制如何相互作用。整个生物体的性能特征构成了动物与其环境之间的关键联系，并已被编纂为生态形态学范式的核心组成部分。尽管生态形态学作为一个综合框架取得了成功，但对行为的研究传统上是独立于生活史理论进行的。整个生物体的性能特征，如运动能力，通常是能量昂贵的，而且这样的性能特征本身就是生活史特征。然而，表现很少以一种检查表现和其他健康相关特征之间权衡的方式整合到生活史研究中。本次研讨会将邀请来自生命史理论、功能形态学、生态免疫学、内分泌学、进化、生态学、行为学和基因组学等领域的研究人员，共同建立一个框架，以理解整个生物体的表现如何与传统的生命史特征有机械联系。这样的框架将显著推动生命史理论和动物性能领域的发展。

When organisms use energy for one purpose they must sacrifice the use of that energy for something else. While many investigators have examined how animals trade energy that could be used for something, such as the immune system, for reproduction, very few have considered how athletic performance fits into the picture. Performance is clearly important for survival and requires high amounts of energy, so to better understand how and why animals invest energy in what they do, it is necessary to understand the place of performance in these decisions. The PIs have organized a symposium to bring together speakers from diverse backgrounds, career stages, and institutions from across the biological sciences to the 2017 Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology meeting in New Orleans to discuss these very fundamental questions. This funding will provide travel and subsistence costs to facilitate discussion and dissemination of ideas generated. The content of the primary symposium will be disseminated through publication of 11 peer-reviewed publications in the SICB journal Integrative and Comparative Biology. In addition to the technical communication of the symposium, they will use several online blogs and Twitter to engage non-scientists. They have developed a social networking event and "Complementary Sessions" of talks and posters targeted for junior scientists (post-doctoral researchers, graduate students, and undergraduates) to provide these beginning investigators with an opportunity to interact with and receive feedback from experts in the field.Life-history theory attempts to explain how disparate yet related characteristics of organisms are shaped by selection to achieve reproductive success. Central to this idea is the notion that investment of acquired energetic resources in a particular trait denies those same resources being allocated to a different trait. This constraint constitutes the proximate basis for life-history trade-offs, of which perhaps the best studied is the survival-fecundity trade-off. Although life-history theory has been extremely useful in elucidating how resource allocation can result in adaptive responses to the environment, it is still unclear which traits that enhance survival are subject to trade-offs and how life-history regulatory mechanisms interact. Whole-organism performance traits constitute key links between animals and their environments, and has been codified as the central component of the ecomorphological paradigm. Despite the success of ecomorphology as an integrative framework, the study of performance has traditionally been conducted independent of life-history theory. Whole-organism performance traits, such as locomotor capacity, are typically energetically expensive, and as such performance traits are themselves life-history traits. However, performance is seldom integrated into life-history studies in a way that examines trade-offs among performance and other fitness-related traits. This symposium includes researchers with expertise in the fields of life-history theory, functional morphology, ecoimmunology, endocrinology, evolution, ecology, behavior, and genomics to develop a framework for understanding how whole-organism performance can be mechanistically linked to traditional life-history traits. Such a framework will significantly advance the fields of life-history theory and animal performance.