Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Power Relationships and Accommodation in Frontier Regions

该项目的目标是调查因卡帝国驿站的结构和功能，以及其建设和维护对当地土著社区生活方式的变化。虽然古代和历史人类社会的研究人员长期以来一直试图了解帝国对合并臣民的各种形式的征服和控制，但对帝国内部当地人口的活动越来越感兴趣。虽然“帝国”这个词今天很少用于指政治国家，但实际上许多国家都符合这个定义，因为它们是由一个中央控制下的种族群体的混合体组成的。仅仅通过分析书面材料很难理解帝国是如何发展的，因为这些往往忽略了社会中非精英成员的行为和动机。然而，对帝国统治下的小规模定居点进行考古调查，可以有效地开始完善对土著居民抵抗、勉强接受或急切地与帝国统治者合作的方式的学术理解。因此，考古学允许对帝国进行更全面的考虑，其中帝国社会中所有社会群体的活动，而不仅仅是最强大的个人，都可能受到审查。该项目将为国际同事和当地社区提供充分的合作机会，收集的考古遗迹将成为研究区域内未来博物馆设施的基础。德克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校的马修·沃伦（Matthew Warren）将开展一项考古研究项目，调查帝国殖民对一个存在激烈争议的边境地区的政治和经济影响，以及随后当地居民社会组织和活动的变化。通过关注殖民地边境背景下不同群体的不同角色，本研究将有助于推进对古代和现代边境地区工作中的社会过程的理论理解。这项研究将在玻利维亚圣克鲁斯省西部的圣伊西德罗河谷进行，在安第斯帝国的最后几年里，这里曾是印加人的领土，经历了热带低地土著民族的一系列入侵。实地工作将包括对更广泛的研究区域进行考古调查，在印卡中心遗址和几个古代土著定居点进行挖掘，并对所有已发现的考古材料进行深入分析。由此产生的数据将使我们能够考察当地人民在将该地区并入帝国之后所做的努力，以及他们在多大程度上与印卡人一起保卫安第斯东部山谷，抵御对双方都构成威胁的敌对入侵者。

The goal of this project is to investigate the structure and function of an imperial Inka waystation and changes to the lifeways of local indigenous communities that its construction and maintenance generated. While researchers of ancient and historical human societies have long sought to understand the various forms of imperial conquest and control over incorporated subjects, there is an increasing interest in the activities of local populations within empires. Although the term "empire" is rarely used in reference to political states today, many in fact fit this definition because they consist of amalgams of ethnic groups brought together under a central control. Understanding how empires developed is difficult to obtain through analyses of written materials alone, because these tend to ignore the actions and motivations of the non-elite members of societies. However, archaeological investigations of the smaller-scale settlements brought under imperial rule can effectively begin to refine scholarly understandings of the ways in which indigenous populations resisted, grudgingly accepted, or eagerly collaborated with their imperial rulers. Archaeology thereby allows for the development of more comprehensive considerations of empires in which the activities of all social groups within imperial society, not just the most powerful individuals, may be subject to scrutiny. The project will provide ample opportunities for collaboration with international colleagues and local communities, and the collected archaeological remains will form the basis for a future museum facility within the study area.Matthew Warren, of the University of Texas at San Antonio, will carry out an archaeological research project to investigate the political and economic effects of imperial colonization in a violently disputed borderland region and the subsequent changes in social organization and activities of its indigenous inhabitants. By focusing on the varying roles of the different groups involved in a colonial frontier context, this study will help to advance theoretical understandings of the social processes at work within ancient and modern borderland regions alike. The study will be conducted in the San Isidro river valley of western Santa Cruz department, Bolivia, a former territory of the Inkas that experienced a series of invasions by peoples native to the tropical lowlands during the Andean empire's final years. The fieldwork will consist of an archaeological survey of the broader study area, excavations at the central Inka site and several ancient indigenous settlements, and an in-depth analysis of the all of the recovered archaeological materials. The resultant data will permit an examination of the efforts in which local peoples were involved following the incorporation of the area into the empire, and the extent to which they participated with the Inkas in their defense of the eastern Andean valleys against hostile invaders that represented a threat to both parties.