Planning I/UCRC Georgia Institute of Technology: Center for Science of Heterogeneous Additive Printing of 3D Materials (SHAP3D)

增材制造技术广泛应用于各种行业，包括消费品、汽车、医疗、航空航天和机械。增材制造行业在2015年超过50亿美元，预计在未来五年内将超过200亿美元。它已成为世界各国极具竞争力的研究领域。为了确保美国在这一新兴领域的全球领导地位，学术合作伙伴（目前包括佐治亚理工学院（GT），康涅狄格大学（UConn）和马萨诸塞大学洛厄尔分校（UML））聚集在一起创建了3D材料异质增材打印科学中心（SHAP3D）。SHAP3D将通过解决基础研究挑战，满足工业对异质材料3D打印的商业需求，为工业、政府和学术界的不同利益服务。SHAP3D将开发关键和必要的洞察基本加工结构属性关系，以预测和控制3D打印不同材料的集成。SHAP3D的工作将是至关重要的，因为行业采用3D打印的产品原型，工具和更大规模的生产，有三个具体的经济成果。首先，该中心将追求更高性能的材料和复合材料，使产品多样化和重量更轻，以最大限度地降低总生命周期成本和环境足迹。其次，为了最大限度地降低加工成本，该中心将探索更优化和并行的工艺，以更快地打印出更高分辨率的产品。第三，SHAP3D将研究界面物理和设计概念，以整合不同的材料，以促进多功能组件/产品，扩大3D打印应用的数量，并扩大市场规模。与行业合作伙伴的积极合作将确保与未来劳动力的教育和培训相关，以加快3D打印方法在制造过程中的采用和集成。这三所大学将设立专门的奖学基金，以招收多样化的研究生。该奖学金基金的一部分将直接用于来自少数族裔服务机构（包括社区学院）的代表性不足的学生。与IUCRC相关的教育项目针对的是GT和当地社区学院的本科生和研究生、K-12学生和行业专业人士。GT网站将与GT紧密合作？美国工程教育和多样性中心（CEED）的研究生奖学金计划，以加强多样性。材料研究和教育的整合将与合作伙伴合作开发，如材料研究所，GT制造研究所和GT聚合物网络。GT网站还将与先进制造和创业学生退伍军人研究经验（REVAMP） REU网站密切合作，以退伍军人和少数民族学生为重点，培训本科生先进制造的基本原理。此外，GT网站将通过美国国家科学基金会教师研究经验（RET）计划，通过亚特兰大大都会地区的学校教师向K6-12学生传播研究成果。SHAP3D中心将进行研究，了解异质材料的合成、性能和加工，以整合到复杂的增材制造产品中。SHAP3D设想的工作将包括许多不同的增材打印方法，如熔融沉积建模（FDM）、选择性激光烧结（SLS）、立体光刻（SLA）、聚/喷墨和其他增材方法。该中心将进行基本的材料建模和加工研究，以建立和转化经过验证的材料和工艺给学生和从业者。该中心将实现：(i)合理设计和创造新材料原料，（ii）了解材料特性、协议和设计规则，这些规则必须进行表征和开发，以优化工艺并预测由多种聚合物材料（例如，不同的组成材料、填料/添加剂和界面）制成的产品和部件的特性。GT在制造、材料、电子设计和封装、器件制造和表征以及生物医学方面拥有丰富的专业知识和长期经验。GT将吸引来自机械，材料，工业，化学，电气工程学院的多元化教师团队。该团队的教师将通过研究材料，工艺，设计和模拟，为下一代功能产品的3D打印功能复合材料做出贡献。

Additive manufacturing technologies are widely used in a variety of industries including consumer products, automotive, medical, aerospace, and machinery. The additive manufacturing industry exceeds $5 billion in 2015 and is expected to top $20 billion within the next five years. It has become an extremely competitive area of research in countries around the world. To ensure US' global leadership in this emerging field originated from the US, academic partners (currently including Georgia Institute of Technology (GT), University of Connecticut (UConn), and University of Massachusetts Lowell (UML)) have come together to create the Center for Science of Heterogeneous Additive Printing of 3D Materials (SHAP3D). SHAP3D will serve the diverse interests of industry, government, and academia by addressing fundamental research challenges to meet the commercial needs of industry for 3D printing of heterogeneous materials. SHAP3D will develop the critical and necessary insight into fundamental processing-structure-property relationships to predict and control the integration of diverse materials for 3D printing. The work of SHAP3D will be critical as the industry adopts 3D printing for product prototyping, tooling, and higher volume manufacturing with three specific economic outcomes. First, the Center will pursue higher performance materials and composites that enable diverse and lighter weight products to minimize total life cycle costs and environmental footprint. Second, in order to minimize processing costs, the Center will explore more optimal and parallel processes to more quickly print products with higher resolution. Third, SHAP3D will investigate interfacial physics and design concepts for integrating dissimilar materials to facilitate multi-functional components/products, broaden the number of 3D printed applications, and increase market size. Active collaboration with industry partners will ensure relevance to education and training of the future workforce to expedite the adoption and integration of 3D printing methods into manufacturing processes. The three institutions will create a scholarship fund specifically for the recruitment of diverse graduate students. A portion of this scholarship fund will be directed to underrepresented students from minority serving institutions, including community colleges. Educational programs associated with this IUCRC target undergraduate and graduate students at GT and local community colleges, K-12 students, and industry professionals. The GT site will work closely with GT?s Center for Engineering Education and Diversity (CEED) graduate fellow program to enhance diversity. Integration of materials research and education will be developed in collaboration with partners, such as Institute of Materials, GT Manufacturing Institute, and GT Polymer Network. The GT site will also work closely with the Research Experience for Student Veterans in Advanced Manufacturing and Entrepreneurship (REVAMP) REU site to train undergraduate students in fundamental principles of advanced manufacturing, with a focus on veterans and minority students. In addition, the GT site will disseminate the research results to K6-12 students through school teachers in metro Atlanta area by NSF research experience for teacher (RET) program.The SHAP3D Center will perform research to understand the synthesis, properties, and processing of heterogeneous materials for integration into complex, additively manufactured products. The work SHAP3D envisions would encompass many different additive printing methods, such as fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), stereolithography (SLA), poly/ink jet, and other additive approaches. The Center will perform fundamental material modeling and processing research to establish and translate validated materials and processes to students and practitioners. The proposed center will enable: (i) the rational design and creation of new material feedstocks and, (ii) the understanding of material properties, protocols, and design rules that must be characterized and developed to optimize the process and predict the properties of products and parts created from multiple polymer materials (e.g., different constituent materials, fillers/additives, and interfaces). GT has extensive expertise and longstanding experience in manufacturing, materials, electronics design and packaging, device fabrication and characterization, and biomedicine. GT will draw on a diverse team of faculty from Mechanical, Materials, Industrial, Chemical, Electrical Engineering Schools. Faculty members from this team will make contributions to the next generation of 3D printed functional multi-materials for functional products with research focused on materials, processes, design, and simulation.