Compact, Reliable and Cost-Efficient Dampers Inspired by Articular Cartilage

有几个应用，如汽车，航空，地震保护，噪音衰减，其中需要能量耗散装置，称为阻尼器。为了高效和高性能的操作，这些设备需要被设计为使得它们可以快速响应快速变化的干扰，并且还可以在宽频带上变化。本计画的灵感来自于设计一种新的自适应轻量化关节软骨阻尼器。关节软骨是长骨末端的软组织，自然地在广泛的频率范围内提供有效和持续的振动衰减。最先进的设计方法受到可靠性、耐用性和重量问题的阻碍。这项研究将确定控制软骨阻尼的主要机制，然后利用这些机制来设计工程阻尼器。这项工作的结果将为生物系统中存在的自然机制提供重要的见解，以在不同的空间和时间尺度上提供耗散。这项工作还将导致合成材料具有类似的耗散特性，以及它们的应用，以创建阻尼器。结果将通过互动演示与社区，K-12，本科生和研究生分享。可靠性和耐久性问题、成本、空间和重量要求阻止了现有宽带阻尼器的广泛使用。相反，关节软骨，一个薄，重量轻的多孔粘弹性材料，有效地消散在日常生活中经历的宽带动态负载的能量。这表明软骨中耗散机制的知识可以被用来设计可靠、耐用、薄且轻的宽带阻尼器。三种不同的耗散机制在不同的空间和时间尺度上在孔隙动力学中起作用：i）流动诱导的粘惯性耗散; ii）多孔基质的粘弹性松弛;以及iii）穿过微孔和开口的微观喷射流。本研究将首先描述软骨如何利用这三种机制在宽频带（0.01至1 kHz）内实现有效的能量耗散。软骨中发现的机制将用于设计自适应和轻质阻尼器，然后将进行构建和测试。这种新的阻尼器将满足结构和声学力学的关键需求。如果成功，这种阻尼器将取代黄金标准在该领域提供率独立阻尼在一个前所未有的频率范围。

There are several applications, such as automotive, aeronautical, seismic protection, noise attenuation where energy dissipation devices, called dampers, are needed. For efficient and high performance operation these devices need to be designed such that they can respond quickly to disturbances that change rapidly and also range over a wide band of frequencies. This project derives its inspiration to design a new adaptive and lightweight damper from articular cartilage. Articular cartilage, the soft tissue at the ends of long bones, naturally provides efficient and sustained vibration attenuation across a broad range of frequencies. The state of the art design approaches are hampered by reliability, durability, and weight issues. This research will identify the main mechanisms that govern damping in cartilage, and then leverage those mechanisms to design engineered dampers. The results from this work will provide significant insights into natural mechanisms that exist in biological systems to provide dissipation at varying spatial and temporal scale. The work will also lead to synthetic materials with similar dissipative characteristics, and their application to create dampers. The results will be shared with the community, K-12, undergraduate and graduate students through interactive demonstrations. Reliability and durability issues, cost, space and weight requirements prevent widespread use of existing broadband dampers. Conversely, articular cartilage, a thin, lightweight poroviscoelastic material, effectively dissipates energy over broadband dynamic loading experienced during daily life. This suggests that knowledge of the dissipative mechanisms in cartilage could be leveraged to design reliable, durable, thin and lightweight broadband dampers. Three different dissipative mechanisms play a role in porodynamics at different spatial and temporal scales: i) Flow-induced visco-inertial dissipation; ii) viscoelastic relaxation of porous matrix, and iii) microscopic squirt flow across micropores and openings. This research will first characterize how cartilage employs these three mechanisms to achieve efficient energy dissipation across wide frequency band (0.01to 1kHz). The mechanisms uncovered in cartilage will be used to design an adaptive and lightweight damper, which will then be built and tested. This new damper will address critical needs in structural and acoustic mechanics. If successful, this damper will replace the golden standard in the field by providing rate-independent damping across an unprecedented range of frequencies.