Phenomenology of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Supersymmetry, and the Frontiers of the Standard Model

该奖项用于资助北伊利诺伊大学Stephen P. Martin教授的研究活动。这个项目将推进我们对自然界基本构件如何相互作用的认识。这包括加强对已知基本亚原子粒子的理解，包括2012年发现的希格斯玻色子。马丁还将研究超越已知基本亚原子粒子的理论，包括一种被称为超对称的可能性。超对称的关键预测是，对于每一种已知的基本粒子类型，必须有一个具有非常相似性质但质量大得多的“伙伴”。马丁将致力于在实验中发现这些新粒子的策略，包括大型强子对撞机和提议的未来对撞机，并将为提供超对称替代理论做同样的工作。因此，对这一提议的支持促进了科学在其最基本的方向之一的进步：发现和理解新的物理定律，从而促进了国家利益。马丁还将指导研究生和本科生的研究方法，参与高中教师的教育和培训，并通过在当地和区域科学展览中担任评委，直接与大学预科学生互动。更技术性的是，拟议中的研究将研究与标准模型的基本参数和对撞机测量的量相关的方程。这将通过比以往任何时候都更精确和详细的近似进行相关计算来完成。这些计算，再加上大型强子对撞机将获得的关于希格斯玻色子的更精确的数据，将使我们能够定量地了解希格斯场的动力学，并测试粒子物理学最小标准模型的一致性。马丁将研究和改进希格斯玻色子和其他粒子的质量与希格斯自相互作用强度及其与其他粒子的相互作用的公式。马丁还将继续研究超对称理论，这种理论目前受到大型强子对撞机数据的极大限制，但肯定不会被排除在外。马丁将通过研究新粒子的新特征和参数空间区域，研究如何最大限度地扩大大型强子对撞机对新粒子的实验范围，这些区域的发现或排除可能特别困难或微妙。Martin将开发更精确的计算和理论工具，通过将新粒子的质量和相互作用与基础理论的参数联系起来，这些工具将有助于解释和理解未来超对称的发现或超对称的新的更强极限。该研究将影响CERN LHC质子-质子对撞机的实验解释以及各种暗物质探测实验。这些实验是主要的科学基础设施，在不同的科学和工程领域雇用了许多各级的研究人员和学生。

This award funds the research activities of Professor Stephen P. Martin at Northern Illinois University. This project will advance our knowledge of how the basic building blocks of nature interact. This includes enhanced understanding of the known fundamental subatomic particles, including the Higgs boson discovered in 2012. Martin will also study theories that go beyond the known fundamental sub-atomic particles, including a possibility known as supersymmetry. The key prediction of supersymmetry is that for each of the known fundamental particle types, there must be a "partner" with very similar properties but a much larger mass. Martin will work on strategies for discovering these new particles in experiments including the Large Hadron Collider and proposed future colliders, and will do the same for theories that provide alternatives to supersymmetry. As a result, support for this proposal advances the national interest by promoting the progress of science in one of its most fundamental directions: the discovery and understanding of new physical law. Martin will also mentor students at both the graduate and undergraduate levels on research methods, participate in the education and training of high-school teachers, and interact directly with pre-college students through judging at local and regional science fairs.More technically, the proposed research will study the equations that relate the underlying parameters of the Standard Model and the quantities measured at colliders. This will be accomplished by performing relevant calculations in a more accurate and detailed approximation than ever before. These calculations, together with more accurate data on the Higgs boson that will be obtained by the Large Hadron Collider, will allow us to quantitatively understand the dynamics of the Higgs field and test the consistency of the minimal Standard Model of particle physics. Martin will study and improve formulas relating the masses of the Higgs boson and other particles to the Higgs self-interaction strength and its interactions with other particles. Martin will also continue to study supersymmetry, which now is significantly constrained, but certainly not ruled out, by Large Hadron Collider data. Martin will work on strategies for maximizing the experimental reach of the Large Hadron Collider for new particles, by investigating novel signatures and areas of parameter space where discovery or exclusion might be particularly difficult or subtle. Martin will develop more accurate calculations and theoretical tools that will aid in the interpretation and understanding of a future discovery of supersymmetry or new stronger limits on supersymmetry, by relating the masses and interactions of the new particles to the parameters of the underlying theory. This research will affect the interpretation of experiments at the CERN LHC proton-proton collider as well as a variety of dark matter detection experiments. These experiments are major science infrastructures, and employ many researchers and students at all levels in several different science and engineering fields.