Materials Research Science and Engineering Center

非技术摘要：材料研究科学与工程中心(MRSEC)由宾夕法尼亚大学物质结构研究实验室主办，是全国材料研究和教育的中心。MRSEC为来自不同学科的教师、博士后学者和研究生提供关键支持，以解决需要多学科合作才能成功的复杂材料项目。三个不同的跨学科研究小组并行进行，以开发使玻璃不那么脆弱的方法，产生可根据压力进行化学重新配置的纤维网络，并探索结合和利用纳米晶体和液晶的新方法。该中心社区还建立了最先进的共享材料测量实验设施，并举办了一系列活动，面向K-16到博士后学生、博士后、教师、地区学术、工业和政府科学家以及普通公众，强调纳入代表性不足的少数族裔和妇女。最后，除了在对美国技术竞争力至关重要的领域为博士和博士后提供独特的跨学科培训外，该中心还产生对初创企业和老牌公司有用的发现、概念和知识产权。技术摘要：宾夕法尼亚大学材料研究科学和工程中心-MRSEC-促进三个协作和多学科跨学科研究小组(IRGS)的核心研究。IRG-1，无序固体中的重排和柔软性，发展了对无序固体中颗粒尺度重排的组织和扩散的基本理解，在这个过程中，它确定了控制非线性机械响应和增强韧性的策略。IRG-2，即纤维网络的结构化学力学，利用纤维材料的非线性机械反应来操纵化学反应；这些反应由施加在网络上的宏观应力(化学力学)局部控制，为创造新型的自增强和传感材料提供了新的手段。IRG-3是一种完美的纳米晶体结构，它利用纳米尺度上表面化学和几何线索的相互作用，将纳米晶体组织成硬(已加工)和软(可重新配置)材料上的结构，打破了结构的周期性，赋予了新的光学和磁响应。这项研究包括软物质和硬物质，以及生物材料。所产生的发现和理解为未来的技术奠定了基础，从而为行业提供信息，刺激经济，并为整个社会带来好处。在培养一支具有竞争力和多样化的科学和工程工作队伍方面，MRSEC在全国处于领先地位，以满足学术界、政府和行业的需求。它举办的活动面向从16岁到16岁的博士生、博士后、教师、地区学术、工业和政府科学家以及普通公众，强调纳入代表性不足的少数群体和妇女。充满活力的本科和高中暑期项目、科学咖啡馆，以及与少数族裔服务机构的主要合作伙伴关系也包括在内。

Nontechnical Abstract: The Materials Research Science and Engineering Center - MRSEC - hosted by the Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter at the University of Pennsylvania, is a national focal point for materials research and education. The MRSEC provides crucial support for faculty, postdoctoral scholars and graduate students, all drawn from different disciplines, to tackle complex materials projects that require multidisciplinary collaboration for success. Three distinct interdisciplinary research groups proceed in parallel, to develop ways to make glasses less fragile, produce fiber networks which chemically reconfigure in response to stress, and explore new ways to combine and utilize nanocrystals and liquid crystals. The Center community also builds state-of-the-art shared experimental facilities for materials measurement, and it hosts a range of activities that target K-16 to PhD students, post-docs, teachers, regional academic, industrial and governmental scientists, and the general public, emphasizing inclusion of underrepresented minorities and women. Finally, besides providing unique interdisciplinary training for PhDs and post-docs in fields critical for US technological competitiveness, the Center generates discoveries, concepts and intellectual property useful for start-ups and established companies. Technical Abstract: The Penn Materials Research Science and Engineering Center - MRSEC - facilitates core research of three collaborative and multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary Research Groups (IRGs). IRG-1, Rearrangements and Softness in Disordered Solids, develops fundamental understanding of the organization and proliferation of particle-scale rearrangements in disordered solids deformed beyond the onset of yield; in the process, it identifies strategies for controlling nonlinear mechanical response and enhancing toughness. IRG-2, Structural Chemo-Mechanics of Fibrous Networks, utilizes the nonlinear mechanical responses of fibrous materials to manipulate chemical reactions; these reactions, which are locally controlled by macroscopic stresses applied to the network (chemo-mechanics), offer new means to create novel self-reinforcing and sensing materials. IRG-3, Pluperfect Nanocrystal Architectures, harnesses the interplay of surface chemistry and geometric cues at the nano-scale for organizing nanocrystals into architectures on hard (fabricated) and in soft (reconfigurable) materials that break from structural periodicity to impart novel optical and magnetic response. The research encompasses soft- and hard-matter, and biomaterials. The discoveries and understanding generated underpin future technologies, thereby informing industry, stimulating economy, and offering benefits to society at large. The MRSEC is a national leader in developing a competitive and diverse science and engineering work force in demand by academe, government and industry. It hosts activities that target K-16 to PhD students, post-docs, teachers, regional academic, industrial & governmental scientists, and the general public, emphasizing inclusion of underrepresented minorities and women. Vibrant undergraduate and high school summer programs, Science Cafes, and major partnerships with minority-serving institutions are also included.