CPS: TTP Option: Medium: Synthetic, Distributed Sensing, Soft and Modular Tissue (sTISSUE)

本研究的目标是从根本上了解信息物理、合成、分布式传感、软组织和模块化组织（sTISSUE）的集成驱动、嵌入式传感、反应控制和分布式控制需求。实现这种网络物理，生理测试平台将使手术相关的任务，程序和设备在动物测试之前更加完善，这可以通过这种高保真模拟器大大减少。此外，这样的模拟器可以打开一个全新的方法，医疗住院医师培训，不仅可以提高手术操作技能，但也建立了一个新的范例，在病人的具体手术实践之前的实际程序。 拟议的战略还将利用围绕自主系统，机器人控制和嵌入式传感的兴奋，并利用研究人员的基础设施进行教育创新和推广，为学生提供新的，鼓舞人心的教育体验。该研究计划将制定合成组织自主感知和反应外部刺激所需的技术，从而复制平滑肌的感觉和驱动能力。从本质上讲，将创建一个自主组织，模拟体内行为，同时保持可扩展性和模块化。这项研究的智力价值在于1）解决嵌入式传感和致动中确保模块化和分布式控制的当前缺点，2）对非常规体内环境要求的动态进行建模，并创建全局和分布式控制策略，以及3）实现范式改变平台，该平台将允许技术开发人员快速且可靠地将该sTISSUE应用于众多应用。更广泛地说，这项研究将建立一个关键的知识体系，用于设计集成传感，驱动，计算和控制的合成组织材料。虽然所提出的方法包括将基础研究转变为胃肠模拟器的目标，但在医学和合作机器人领域存在许多其他应用。最后，在模块化和可扩展性设计的建议的研究可以广泛地影响一些其他领域，将受益于开发的新方法，在集成的传感，驱动，计算和控制。

The goal of this research is to gain a fundamental understanding of the integrated actuation, embedded sensing, reactive control, and distributed control needs of a cyber-physical, synthetic, distributed sensing, soft and modular tissue (sTISSUE). Realizing this cyber-physical, physiological testbed will enable surgically relevant tasks, procedures, and devices to be much more refined ahead of animal testing, which can be dramatically reduced with such high-fidelity simulators. Furthermore, such simulators could open an entirely new approach to medical resident training that could not only improve surgical performance skills, but also establish a new paradigm in patient-specific surgical practice before the actual procedure. The proposed strategy will also harness the excitement surrounding autonomous systems, robotic control, and embedded sensing, and leverage it with the investigators' infrastructure for education innovation and outreach to provide new, inspirational educational experiences for students.This research program will formulate the techniques required for a synthetic tissue to autonomously sense and react to external stimuli, thereby replicating smooth muscle's sense and actuation capability. In essence, an autonomous tissue will be created that simulates in vivo behavior, while maintaining scalability and modularity. The intellectual merit of this research lies in 1) addressing current shortcomings in embedded sensing and actuation that ensure modularity and distributed control, 2) modeling the dynamics of, and creating global and distributed control strategies that account for, the unconventional in vivo environment requirements, and 3) enabling a paradigm-altering platform that will allow technology developers to both quickly and reliably apply this sTISSUE to numerous applications. More broadly, this research will establish a crucial body of knowledge needed for the design of synthetic tissue materials that integrate sensing, actuation, computation, and control. While the proposed approach includes the goal to transition the fundamental research into a gastrointestinal simulator, numerous other applications in the field of medicine and co-robotics exist. Finally, the proposed research in modularity and scalability design can broadly impact a number of other areas that would benefit from the developed novel methodologies in integrated sensing, actuation, computation and control.