Experience during adolescence shapes brain development: from synapses and networks to normal and pathological behavior

青春期是一个戏剧性的神经重组时期，也可能是一个脆弱的时期。 社会、情感和认知能力在青春期成熟。青少年的生活经历在塑造成熟的大脑方面发挥着重要作用。 该奖项资助科学家和其他专业人士之间的多样性研讨会，以研究青少年大脑的突触可塑性，影响青少年大脑发育的环境因素，用于研究大脑的神经成像方法和注意缺陷多动障碍等主题。 预计约有200名各行各业的人参加研讨会。 更广泛的影响包括加强对多个领域的理解，这反过来又为培训，研究和政策提供了信息。 此外，还将发布研讨会摘要，以吸引更广泛的受众。所提供的信息将通过告知研究人员和卫生保健专业人员关于发育中的青少年大脑的脆弱性以及这种脆弱性如何有助于青少年的健康而使社会受益。 青少年的决策和危险行为的机制需要检查与此重组的想法。 该奖项支持将作为发育神经毒理学学会（DNTS）2018年年会的一部分举行的研讨会。研讨会将汇集青少年大脑发育领域的主要贡献者。演讲将涉及许多主题，如（a）内源性大麻素如何影响皮层发育;（B）神经成像揭示了皮层网络发育的哪些方面;（c）冲动和控制之间的不协调如何导致危险行为，以及（d）暴露于常见兴奋剂如何导致大脑功能异常。 经验依赖的可塑性也将讨论。 与会者将是研究人员、政策制定者、基础科学家、临床研究人员和政府代表（例如，食品和药物管理局，疾病控制中心）。专题讨论会摘要将予以发表，作为向科学界提供信息的一种手段。 更好地了解环境因素和大脑发育之间的联系可能有助于我们确定如何在我们的社会中促进青少年的福祉。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Adolescence is a period of dramatic neural reorganization and can be a vulnerable period. Social, emotional, and cognitive capacities mature during adolescence. Life experiences of adolescents can play a significant role in shaping the maturing brain. This award funds a symposium among a diversity of scientists and other professionals to examine topics such as synaptic plasticity in adolescent brains, environmental factors influencing adolescent brain development, neuroimaging methods used to study the brain, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Approximately 200 people across a wide range of professions are anticipated to attend the symposium. The broader impacts include enhanced understanding across multiple fields, which in turn, informs training, research, and policy. In addition, a summary of the symposium will be published to reach a wider audience. The information presented will benefit society by informing researchers, and health care professionals about the vulnerability of the developing adolescent brain and how this vulnerability can contribute to adolescent well-being.The adolescent brain experiences dramatic neural reorganization. The mechanisms underlying decision-making and risky behaviors of adolescents need to be examined with this reorganization in mind. This award supports a symposium which will take place as a component of the 2018 Annual Meeting of the Developmental Neurotoxicology Society (DNTS). The symposium will bring together major contributors to the field of adolescent brain development. Presentations will address numerous topics such as (a) how endocannabinoids impact cortical development; (b) what neuroimaging has revealed about cortical network development; (c) how discord between impulsivity and control contribute to risky behaviors, and (d) how exposure to common stimulants contribute to abnormal brain functioning. Experience-dependent plasticity will also be discussed. Conference attendees will be researchers, policy makers, basic scientists, clinical researchers, and government representatives (e.g., Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Disease Control). The symposium summary will be published as a means of making the information available to the scientific community. A better understanding of the connection between environmental factors and brain development may help us determine how to foster well-being among adolescents in our society.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.