SBIR Phase II: A Spectroscopic THz Sensor for Mixed Gas Analysis and Air Pollution Monitoring

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力是创造一个经济的，轻便的&amp；#8208；重量，高性能太赫兹（THz）光谱仪，用于测试空气和化石燃料中有害化合物的存在。频率域太赫兹光谱仪能够表征气体样品中的不同分子和化学物质。从历史上看，由于它们的尺寸和复杂性，这些光谱仪一直被降级到实验室，但最近的技术进步使得建造一个足够小和足够轻的光谱太赫兹传感器成为可能，可以在消费级无人机上飞行。体积和成本的减少为使用太赫兹传感器对进入美国水域的船只进行排放测试或对石油加工设施的化石燃料进行污染物测试打开了大门。这一点很重要，因为能够在当地分析样品，省去了收集和运输潜在危险化合物（即易燃化合物或污染物）到实验室进行分析的时间和费用。它还允许在短时间内进行检测和分类，而不需要将人员置于当地环境中。拟议中的项目将生产第一种紧凑的、电池驱动的、自主操作的光谱太赫兹传感器，能够对混合气体进行百万分之一的灵敏度分析。它将主要由经济用水建造。搁架光纤组件在一种新颖的高度紧凑，轻&amp；#8208；重量形式因素。为了实现高灵敏度，光谱太赫兹传感器将结合：来自电信行业的高保真激光器，定制设计和制造的高效率，密封的光电混合器，一个折叠的，光&amp；#8208；重量，碳纤维样品池采用专利3D打印镜面技术和专利光学相位&amp；#8208；消除相干检测影响的调制技术。该仪器将首先用于气体流动中含硫污染物的实验室测量。在成功演示仪器的功能后，将在初始测试和协作现场工作中使用第一篇文章。同时，基于相同技术的大型实验室仪器也将开始销售。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project is to create an economical, light‐weight, high performance Terahertz (THz) spectrometer to allow testing of air and fossil fuels for the presence of harmful compounds. A frequency domain THz spectrometer is capable of characterizing the different molecules and chemicals in a gas sample. Historically these spectrometers have been relegated to the laboratory because of their size and complexity but recent technical advancements have made it possible to build a spectroscopic THz sensor small enough and light enough to be flown on a consumer drone. The reductions in size and cost have opened the door to using THz sensors for emissions testing of ships entering U.S. waters or contaminant testing of fossil fuels at petroleum processing facilities. This is significant because the ability to analyze samples locally removes the time and expense of collecting and shipping potentially dangerous compounds (i.e. flammable compounds or pollutants) to a laboratory for analysis. It also allows detection and classification to occur on short notice and without the need to subject personnel to the local environment. The proposed project will produce the first article of a compact, battery operated, autonomously operating spectroscopic THz sensor capable of mixed gas analysis to parts per million sensitivities. It will be constructed predominantly from economical off‐the‐shelf fiber optic components in a novel highly compact, light‐weight form factor. In order to achieve the high sensitivities, the spectroscopic THz sensor will incorporate: high fidelity lasers from the telecommunications industry, custom designed and fabricated high efficiency, hermetically sealed photomixers, a folded, light‐weight, carbon fiber sample cell incorporating patented 3D printed mirror technology and a patented optical phase‐modulation technique that removes the effects of coherent detection. The instrument will first be employed for laboratory based measurements of sulfur-containing contaminants in gas flows. Upon the successful demonstration of the capabilities of the instrument, a first article will be used in initial testing and collaborative field work. Sales of a larger laboratory instrument based on the same technology will begin simultaneously.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.