Creating Three-Dimensional Fundamental Flame Database Using Novel Diagnostics

在湍流燃烧的研究中仍然存在许多悬而未决的问题，阻碍了下一代能源系统的设计。我们知识中的一个关键差距是缺乏适当的实验数据，这些数据可用于验证和激发预测模型。由于实际湍流火焰固有的三维（3D）空间结构，基本火焰特性的瞬时3D测量一直被期望用于模型开发。然而，现有的实验努力主要限于在一个点，沿着一条线，或在一个2D平面上获得数据。该项目旨在开发新的诊断方法，使火焰中的3D测量成为可能。这些宝贵的实验数据将用于模型验证和开发。在这个项目中产生的知识将有助于利用燃烧的推进和能源系统的设计和优化。该项目的其他努力包括建立跨学科和机构的合作，以及吸引行业加速技术转让。湍流燃烧受化学反应和湍流之间复杂相互作用的影响。这种相互作用固有地发生在3D中，因此，长期以来一直期望能够解决所有三个维度上的燃烧特性变化的测量。该项目将通过两个阶段的计划来满足这一长期需求。在第一阶段，该团队将研究和利用三种新型3D诊断技术，包括高分辨率断层扫描、机器学习辅助诊断和混合3D诊断。在第二阶段，研究小组将应用这些新的诊断方法来获得典型湍流火焰中基本燃烧特性的3D测量结果。目标特性包括三维火焰形貌和三维三分量速度。这两者对于理解湍流火焰动力学和提高模型精度都是至关重要的。该研究是高度跨学科的，可以为基础燃烧科学，光学诊断和计算建模做出贡献。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Many open questions remain in the study of turbulent combustion, hindering the design of next-generation energy systems. A key gap in our knowledge is the lack of proper experimental data that can be used to validate and inspire predictive models. Due to the inherent three-dimensional (3D) spatial structures of practical turbulent flames, instantaneous 3D measurements of fundamental flame properties have been long desired for use in model development. However, existing experimental efforts are predominately limited to obtaining data at a point, along a line, or across a 2D plane. This project is to develop novel diagnostics that can enable 3D measurements in flames. These valuable experimental data will be used for model validation and development. The knowledge generated in this project will help with the design and optimization of propulsion and energy systems utilizing combustion. Additional efforts in this project include establishing collaborations across boundaries of disciplines and institutions as well as engaging industry to accelerate technology transfer.Turbulent combustion is governed by the intricate interactions between chemical reactions and turbulence. Such interactions inherently occur in 3D, and consequently measurements that can resolve the variations of combustion properties in all three dimensions have long been desired. This project will address this long-standing need with a two-phase plan. In the first phase, the team will investigate and utilize three novel 3D diagnostic techniques, including high resolution tomography, machine learning assisted diagnostics, and hybrid 3D diagnostics. In the second phase, the team will apply these new diagnostics to obtain 3D measurements of fundamental combustion properties in canonical turbulent flames. The target properties include 3D flame topography and 3D-3-component velocity. Both are crucial for understanding turbulent flame dynamics and improving model accuracy. This research is highly interdisciplinary and can contribute to fundamental combustion science, optical diagnostics, and computational modeling.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.