Exploring Racial Socialization Processes in Black Families

社会、行为和经济科学理事会提供博士后研究金，为最近的博士毕业生提供获得额外培训的机会，在知名科学家的赞助下获得研究经验，并在本科和研究生培训之外拓宽他们的科学视野。博士后奖学金还旨在帮助新的科学家指导他们的研究工作，跨越传统的学科领域，并利用独特的研究资源，地点和设施，包括在国外的地点。这个博士后奖学金提供了一个新兴的黑人科学家有机会调查的方式，其中不同的黑人家庭导航他们的青年在21世纪世纪的种族社会化。美国黑人儿童的福祉是一个具有重大公共卫生意义的问题。密歇根州弗格森、医学博士巴尔的摩、佛罗里达州桑福德、资深大律师查尔斯顿、德克萨斯州麦金尼、俄亥俄州克利夫兰和伊利诺伊州芝加哥的不幸现实，给我们社会中的许多人留下了关于如何为年轻人提供优化他们的心理社会健康所需的三重“关爱、保护和纠正”的问题。种族社会化（RS）是一个与许多积极成果相关的过程。然而，这项研究在很大程度上评估了黑人母亲（母亲-父亲家庭），主要使用调查数据，并侧重于RS的回顾性报告，限制了我们对关键育儿实践的概念性理解。该项目克服了这些局限性，以若干重要方式扩大了对RS的研究，题为“黑人家庭种族社会化项目”，重点是从父母和青年的角度，采用定量和定性方法开展三项研究。第一项研究的主要目的是使用调查和访谈方法来阐明黑人家庭代表不同结构谱的方式（例如，大亲属、混合家庭、LGBT夫妇）准备好承担孩子的RS。第二项研究的主要目的是通过使用媒体（例如，电视场景，歌词，社交媒体帖子）来创建和编码生态有效的，家庭层面的种族社会化对话。第三项研究的主要目的是前瞻性地评估黑人父母和黑人父母如何预期在“未来”教他们的孩子种族。本研究将利用年度访谈和半年一次的调查，以监测意图如何社会化黑人青年（和实际的社会化行为）随着时间的推移而变化，并阐明煽动这种变化的主要因素。总之，这项研究将导致一个更完整的概念框架，可以在未来的调查测试和制定的发展。此外，这项研究的结果预计将有助于为黑人家庭制定有效的干预措施。

The Directorate of Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences offers postdoctoral research fellowships to provide opportunities for recent doctoral graduates to obtain additional training, to gain research experience under the sponsorship of established scientists, and to broaden their scientific horizons beyond their undergraduate and graduate training. Postdoctoral fellowships are further designed to assist new scientists to direct their research efforts across traditional disciplinary lines and to avail themselves of unique research resources, sites, and facilities, including at foreign locations. This postdoctoral fellowship provides an emerging scholar-scientist with an opportunity to investigate the ways in which diverse Black families navigate the racial socialization of their youth in the 21st century. The well-being of Black children in the United States is a matter of grave public health significance. The unfortunate realities of Ferguson, MI, Baltimore, MD, Sanford, FL, Charleston, SC, McKinney, TX, Cleveland, OH, and Chicago, IL, have left many in our society with questions about how to provide youth with the triumvirate "affection, protection, and correction" required to optimize their psychosocial wellbeing. Racial socialization (RS) is a process that has been associated with a number of positive outcomes. However, this research has largely assessed Black mothers (of mother-father households), has predominately used survey data, and has focused on retrospective reporting of RS, limiting our conceptual understanding of a crucial parenting practice. This project addresses these limitations, expanding the study of RS in a number of important ways.The project, entitled the "Black Family Racial Socialization Project" focuses on the development of three studies using both quantitative and qualitative methods, from the perspective of both parents and youth. The primary aim of the first study is to use survey and interview methods to elucidate the ways in which Black families representing a diverse structural spectrum (e.g., extended kin, blended families, LGBT couples) prepare themselves to undertake the RS of their children. The primary aim of the second study is to capture the synergistic and bidirectional nature of RS "in the moment", by using media (e.g., TV scenes, song lyrics, social media posts) to create and code ecologically-valid, family-level racial socialization conversations. The primary aim of the third study is to prospectively assess how Black parents and Black parents-to-be anticipate teaching their children about race "in the future". This study will utilize annual interviews and biannual surveys to monitor how intentions to socialize Black youth (and actual socialization behaviors) change over time, and to elucidate the principal factors that instigate such changes. Together, this research will lead to the development of a more complete conceptual framework that can be tested and instituted in future investigations. In addition, the findings from this research are expected to contribute to the development of effective interventions for Black families.