Collaborative Research: Socialization Competencies and Youth Outcomes in Response to Racial Violence

鉴于美国黑人社区遭受种族歧视和暴力的历史和持续危机，黑人父母有独特的考虑，让他们的孩子准备好应对学校、社区和社区环境中潜在的种族偏见和歧视。然而，关于父母的种族相关经历如何影响他们向孩子传递有关处理和应对广泛宣传的种族歧视和暴力事件的信息的能力的研究较少。该项目将研究黑人父母如何看待他们直接社区中的种族暴力事件，他们自己与种族歧视的人际交往经历，他们围绕种族社会化的养育实践，以及父母用来影响孩子学业和福祉结果的应对策略。研究结果将提供一个更全面的了解种族/少数民族家庭如何在压迫的社会环境中生存，并支持他们的孩子的积极发展。最近被广泛报道的警察暴行事件凸显了美国不平等、不公正和种族主义的交叉体系，说明有必要研究记录黑人家庭如何处理和应对这些事件。这项研究是一项纵向的、混合的方法调查黑人家庭对边缘化的脆弱性或复原力，重点是育儿实践和青少年发展轨迹。该项目为期三年，包括对黑人父母和青少年的两阶段研究：(1)年度调查数据，研究父母的种族相关经历和种族社会化能力对青少年结果的影响；(2)深入定性分析，探索父母对影响其养育行为和种族社会化能力的因素的看法。这些发现将为黑人家庭如何应对种族压迫的社会环境提供更全面的理解，并更广泛地揭示美国种族/少数民族的家庭过程。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Given the historical and persistent crisis of racial discrimination and violence enacted against Black communities in America, Black parents have unique considerations to prepare their children to cope with potential racial bias and discrimination in schools, neighborhoods, and community settings. Yet, there is less research on how parents' race-related experiences influence their competency in transmitting information to their children about processing and coping with widely publicized instances of racial discrimination and violence. This project will examine how Black parents perceive racially violent incidents in their immediate communities, their own interpersonal experiences with racial discrimination, their parenting practices around racial socialization, and the coping strategies parents use to impact their child’s academic and well-being outcomes. The findings will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the ways racial/ethnic minority families' navigate oppressive social contexts and support the positive development of their children. Recent widely publicized incidents of police brutality highlight the intersecting systems of inequality, injustice, and racism in the United States, elucidating a need for research documenting how Black families process and respond to such events. This study is a longitudinal, mixed methodological investigation of Black families' vulnerability to or resilience against marginalization, focusing on parenting practices and adolescent developmental trajectories. The three-year project involves two phases of research with Black parents and adolescents: (1) annual survey data to examine the influence of parents' race-related experiences and racial socialization competencies on adolescent outcomes, and (2) in-depth qualitative analysis exploring parents’ perceptions of the factors that shape their parenting practices and racial socialization competencies. The findings will provide a more comprehensive understanding of how Black families navigate racially oppressive social contexts and shed light on family processes for racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S. more broadly.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.