NSF-BSF: CNS Core: Small: Improving Wireless Networks Robustness via Weather-Sensitive Predictive Management

该项目重点关注用于蜂窝、智慧城市和新兴5G网络骨干的无线网络。这些网络依赖于毫米波（mmWave）频率，这种频率对天气状况很敏感，特别是对降雨事件。提高对此类事件的应变能力、无线流量的快速增长以及关键任务型智慧城市应用对服务质量（QoS）的需求，都需要动态的网络管理方案。因此，将开发天气敏感型网络控制和管理方法，旨在提高网络的弹性和性能。该项目的创新之处在于使用受天气影响的网络无线链路状态测量来准确预测其未来状态，并为网络控制方案提供输入。这些方案包括在移动的雨对信号产生影响之前调整链路模式和网络拓扑结构。设计的算法将建立在广泛的无线链路数据集上，算法将在国家科学基金会资助的COSMOS先进无线研究平台（PAWR）测试台上进行评估和演示。该项目将有一个强有力的外联部分，包括哈莱姆公立学校教师和以色列K-12学生的项目。在社会规模上，增强网络应对天气事件弹性的算法的发展可以在最需要的情况下（例如紧急情况）改善网络连通性。总体而言，提高未来智慧城市和5G网络的性能将有助于弥合数字鸿沟，并为服务不足的社区带来更好的连接。具体来说，该项目侧重于回程和前传网络，这些网络目前正在过渡到对降雨事件非常敏感的e波段（60-90千兆赫）链路。与本地物理层适应已经足够的传统（4G）蜂窝网络相反，在新兴的智慧城市和5G网络（需要低延迟和高带宽）中，链路和网络层适应将是必不可少的。将根据天气和信号衰减之间的关系，开发利用网络中自提取的衰减测量值来预测整个网络中信道状态的算法。然后，开发天气敏感的跨层控制算法。这些算法将共同优化功率、调制和编码、信道分配和路由，以满足QoS要求，以响应预测的网络条件变化。最后，该项目的贡献将包括分析来自以色列智慧城市网络的同类首个毫米波回程测量，以及在集成了同类首个毫米波收发器的城市规模测试平台中进行的独特评估。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project focuses on the wireless networks that are used in the backbone of cellular, smart cities, and emerging 5G networks. These networks rely on millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies, which are sensitive to weather conditions and specifically to rain events. Improving resilience to such events, the rapid increase in wireless traffic, and the Quality of Service (QoS) demands of mission-critical smart city applications, all call for dynamic network management schemes. Therefore, weather-sensitive network control and management approaches will be developed, aiming to improve network resilience and performance. The innovation of this project is to use weather-affected measurements of wireless link states in the network to accurately predict their future states and to provide input to network control schemes. These schemes include adjustments of links' modes and network topology to the moving rain, prior to its effects on the signals. The algorithms designed will build on extensive datasets of wireless links and the algorithms will be evaluated and demonstrated in the National Science Foundation-funded COSMOS platform for advanced wireless research (PAWR) testbed. The project will have a strong outreach component, including programs for Harlem public school teachers and Israeli K-12 students. On a societal scale, the development of algorithms that enhance network resilience in face of weather events can improve network connectivity in cases where it is most needed (e.g., emergency situations). In general, enhancing the performance of future smart city and 5G networks will help bridge the digital divide and bringing better connectivity to under-served communities.Specifically, the project focuses on backhaul and fronthaul networks which are currently transitioning to E-band (60-90 gigahertz) links that are very sensitive to rain events. Contrary to legacy (4G) cellular networks where local physical layer adaptation has been sufficient, in emerging smart city and 5G networks (that will require low latency and high bandwidth), link and network layer adaptations will be essential. Algorithms that use the self-extracted attenuation measurements from the network to predict the channel states throughout the network will be developed based on relationships between weather and signal attenuation. Then, weather-sensitive cross-layered control algorithms will be developed. These algorithms will jointly optimize power, modulation and coding, channel allocation, and routing to satisfy QoS requirements in response to predicted changes in network conditions. Finally, the project's contributions will include analysis of first-of-their-kind mmWave backhaul measurements from a smart city network in Israel and unique evaluation in a city-scale test-bed that integrates first-of-their-kind mmWave transceivers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.