Understanding and Controlling Amine-Hybrid Perovskite Vapor-Solid Reaction at Nanoscale

突破性地开发低成本的光化学和照明技术可以改变全球能源系统，减少人类活动对环境的影响。混合卤化物钙钛矿已经成为一类重要的光电材料，用于各种应用，包括太阳能收集和固态照明。该项目的目的是验证胺和混合卤化物钙钛矿之间的反应具有阈值胺压力的假设，低于该阈值，该反应可以用于可靠地合成钙钛矿周围的纳米级壳，提高其环境稳定性和界面电性能。拟议的研究项目旨在发展胺蒸气和混合钙钛矿衬底之间的反应的基本理解。一个定制的手套箱真空反应器与原位红外光谱，石英晶体微量天平和质谱将被用来实现化学反应机制的详细研究，并确定在一组重要的胺-钙钛矿反应的阈值压力。胺的大小，质子亲合性，化学组成和加工温度对阈值压力的影响将被研究。操作条件将被确定，允许精确控制反应的程度，可靠的纳米级结构的生长。该项目将用于培训博士生在表面科学和纳米材料合成和表征领域的最先进的实验方法。拟议开展的旨在将研究与教育相结合的活动包括编制课程，将表面科学概念纳入本科生和研究生课程，并为本科生提供研究机会。计划对K-12学生开展外联活动，以提高对表面科学、纳米技术和环境可持续性领域的认识，并鼓励学生从事STEM职业。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Breakthroughs in low-cost photovoltaics and lighting technologies can transform global energy systems and reduce environmental impact of human activities. Hybrid halide perovskites have emerged as an important class of optoelectronic materials for a diverse range of applications, including solar energy harvesting and solid-state lighting. The objective of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that the reaction between an amine and a hybrid halide perovskite has a threshold amine pressure, below which the reaction can be used to reliably synthesize a nanoscale shell around the perovskite, improving its environmental stability and interfacial electrical properties.The proposed research project aims to develop fundamental understanding of reactions between amine vapors and hybrid perovskite substrates. A custom-built glove box vacuum reactor with in situ infrared spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance, and mass spectrometry will be used to enable detailed studies of the chemical reaction mechanisms and identify the threshold pressure in a set of important amine-perovskite reactions. The effects of amine size, proton affinity, chemical composition and processing temperature on the threshold pressure will be studied. Operating conditions will be identified that allow precise control of the extent of reaction for reliable growth of nanometer-scale structures. The project will be used to train a PhD student on state-of-the-art experimental methods in the field of surface science and nanoscale materials synthesis and characterization. Proposed activities aimed at integrating research and education include curriculum development to incorporate surface science concepts into undergraduate and graduate courses and research opportunities for undergraduate students. Outreach activities to K-12 students are planned to promote awareness of the fields of surface science, nanotechnology and environmental sustainability, and to encourage students to pursue STEM careers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.