Effects of the Engagement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, and Evaluation Instructional Model: Systematic Review and Innovation Through New Meta-Analysis Methodology

该项目旨在通过对K-12 STEM教育中常用教学方法的有效性进行基础研究，并提供一种可以帮助其他人进行类似研究的工具，从而为国家利益服务。具体而言，该项目将研究5E（参与、探索、解释、阐述和评估）教学模式的有效性，该模式通常用于K-12 STEM教育，用于组织项目、单元和课程中的教学。超过100项研究已经测试了使用5E模型的效果。然而，这些已发表的研究在内容领域重点、研究方法和其他特征上彼此不同。这个项目将使用元分析，一种可以科学地结合许多研究结果的方法，即使这些研究并不相同。通过荟萃分析，该项目将研究5E模式如何影响学生的STEM成绩，包括他们的学科知识、批判性思维能力和科学探究技能。此外，该项目将创建一个免费的开源工具，使其他研究人员更容易进行元分析。因此，该项目有望提供有关如何改进科学教学的信息，并改进进行元分析的过程。该项目的主要重点是对研究进行系统回顾和荟萃分析，评估5E教学模式和直接基于5E模式的干预措施对学生STEM成就结果的有效性。该项目还将创建一个开源的、用户友好的数据提取和分析工具，专门为进行元分析的研究人员创建。该工具将通过将代码本自动化到数据系统过程，应用已建立的关系数据库技术进行数据收集，以及使用R平台为最先进的元分析技术创建一个简单的图形用户界面来推进该领域。这两个项目活动将一起进行，meta分析将为meta分析工具的创建提供信息，并使用该工具进行meta分析。荟萃分析结果将为旨在提高STEM素养和劳动力产出的STEM干预措施（基于5或其他）的设计提供信息，而荟萃分析工具将通过为应用荟萃分析人员提供一个开源、免费的工具来简化荟萃分析过程，从而推进系统评价和荟萃分析方法领域。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project aims to serve the national interest by conducting basic research on the effectiveness of a commonly used teaching approach in K-12 STEM education, as well as by providing a tool that can help others do similar research studies. Specifically, the project will study the effectiveness of the 5E (Engagement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, and Evaluation) model for instruction, which is commonly used in K-12 STEM education to organize instruction within programs, units, and lessons. More than 100 research studies have tested the effects of using the 5E model. However, these published studies differ from one another in content area focus, research methods, and other features. This project will use meta-analysis, a method that can scientifically combine results from many studies even when the studies are not identical. Through meta-analysis, the project will examine how the 5E model affects students’ STEM achievement, including their subject matter knowledge, critical thinking abilities, and scientific inquiry skills. In addition, this project will create a free, open-source tool that will it easier for other researchers to do meta-analysis. Thus, the project is expected to provide information about how science instruction can be improved and also improve the process of conducting meta-analyses.This project’s primary focus is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that evaluate the effectiveness of the 5E instructional model and interventions based directly on the 5E model on students’ STEM achievement outcomes. This project also will create an open-source, user-friendly data extraction and analysis tool specifically created for researchers conducting meta-analyses. The tool will advance the field by automating the codebook to data system process, applying established relational database techniques for data collection, and creating a simple graphical user interface for state-of-the-art meta-analytical techniques using the R platform. The two project activities will be conducted together, with the meta-analysis informing the creation of the meta-analytic tool, and the tool will be used to conduct the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results will inform the design of STEM interventions (5E-based or otherwise) that have the goal of increasing STEM literacy and workforce outcomes, and the meta-analytic tool will advance the field of systematic review and meta-analysis methodology by providing applied meta-analysts with an open-source, free tool to streamline the meta-analytic process.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.