Critical commentary on the books of Ezra/Nehemia for the commentary series "Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Alten Testament"Antrag auf Gewährung einer Sachbeihilfe (Modul Vertretung)

对圣经书籍的评论是一种非常重要的训诫类出版物。它们远远超出了注释科学界的界限，在邻近的学科中也得到了承认。评论从文学、历史和宗教历史的角度揭示了对圣经书籍的解释以及关于这本圣经书籍的研究现状。因此，它们具有非常广泛的学术影响。我将利用计划中的研究时间，对以斯拉和尼希米的著作写一篇有特色的评论。它将发表在评论系列牧人神学家Kommentar zum Alten遗嘱中。在德语语境中，目前缺乏关于以斯拉/尼希米的批评性评论。必须考虑最近研究的新的方法、历史和主题的结果，并重新定义这些书籍的神学。较早的德国评论认为以斯拉/尼希米是由编年史和以斯拉/尼希米组成的一部历史著作的一部分。更早的研究也将以斯拉/尼希米视为重建流亡后时期的主要来源。因此，评论对这些书的历史解释和文学来源特别感兴趣，打算将重点放在这些书的神学上。必须克服片面关注历史问题的现象。根据历时反映的同步方法，不同的神学问题不仅应该由不同的年表起源和不同的编辑层面来解释，而且应该作为可能包括时态的神学的组成部分来解释。以斯拉/尼希米以史学的身份呈现自己，并描述了后流亡时期以色列S身份的形成方面和维度。对自我概念的建构可以说是这本书的核心。为此，将在评注中进行必要的基本解释学思考。这意味着有必要说明属于社区、纳入和排除社区以及社区的内部形态和结构的相关标准。上述评论系列包括从犹太-基督教对话中获得的知识：它承认并反映了旧约作为以色列的圣经以及基督教圣经的一部分继续存在。到目前为止，这是旧约研究中的一个特殊视角。因此，评注必须处理在基督教背景下对以斯拉/尼希米的反犹太解释：将神学作为法律形式的宗教的负面评估；将后流亡群体污蔑为纯粹的宗教、神权建立的社区和/或作为特殊的宗派、民族宗教运动。

Critical commentaries on biblical books are a very important genre of exegetical publication. Far beyond the borders of the exegetical scientific community, they are also acknowledged in neighboring disciplines. Commentaries reveal the interpretation of a biblical book as well as the current state of research with regards to this biblical book from a literary, historical and religio-historical perspective. They therefore have a very broad scholarly impact. I am going to use the planned research time to write a distinctive commentary on the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. It will be published in the commentary series Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Alten Testament. There is a lack of current critical commentaries on Ezra/Nehemiah in the German speaking context. The new methodological, historical and thematic results of the recent research have to be considered and the theology of these books redefined.The older German commentaries considered Ezra/Nehemiah as a part of one historical work consisting of Chronicles and Ezra/Nehemiah written by the Chronicler. The older research also regarded Ezra/Nehemiah as a primary source for reconstructing the post-exilic period. The commentaries therefore were especially interested in a historical interpretation of the books and in their literary sources.The intended commentary is going to focus on the theology of the books. The one-sided focus on historical issues must be overcome. In accordance to the synchronical approach, that is diachronically reflected, different theological issues should not only be explained by different chronological origins and different redactional layers but instead as constituents of a theology that possibly includes tenses. Thus, the interpretation will be guided by the structure of the books.Ezra/Nehemiah present themselves as historiography and describe formative aspects and dimensions of Israel´s identity in the post-exilic period. To Construct the self-conception can be regarded as the core of the books. For this purpose, the necessary basic hermeneutical reflections will be made in the commentary. This means that there is a need for a description of the relevant criteria for belonging to the community, for inclusion and exclusion, and the internal shape and structure of the community. The above-mentioned commentary series includes knowledge from the Jewish-Christian dialogue: It recognizes and reflects that the Old Testament has been continued as Scripture of Israel as well as part of the Christian Bible. Until now, this is an exceptional perspective in the study of the Old Testament. As a consequence, the commentary has to deal with the anti-Jewish interpretations of Ezra/Nehemiah in the Christian context: Negative assessment of the theology as legalistic form of religion; stigmatization of the post-exilic group as a purely religious, theocratic founded community and/or as a particularistic-sectarian, national-religious movement.