Transfer-function approach to temperature and salinity reconstructions in the Red Sea: Constraining sea-level estimates and monitoring ITCZ variability during the last four glacial cycles

毫无疑问，我们星球的表面正在迅速升温。决策者需要知道气候系统和全球海平面将如何应对全球变暖。在这个项目中，我们将研究红海的沉积物岩心，以调查该地区在过去四个冰川周期的海洋学历史，包括过去的温暖间隔，可能代表未来气候的自然类似物。我们将开发新的方法，从浮游有孔虫物种的丰度、它们的壳的大小和超微结构重建温度和盐度，并制作红海温度历史的第一个长期记录。这样的记录对于提高我们在南安普顿的同事合作开发的全球海平面重建的准确性至关重要。然后，我们将确定该地区过去的盐度和温度梯度，并在过去的温暖间隔中以高分辨率监测它们的动态。这种梯度反映了印度和非洲季风系统之间的相互作用，我们的研究结果将使我们能够确定季风系统和热带辐合带（ITCZ）的位置在过去的温暖气候中是如何变化的。因此，我们的研究将有助于了解气候动力学和大陆冰盖的稳定性在温暖的间隔和ITZC和季风系统对全球变暖的潜在响应的评估。

It seems beyond doubt that the surface of our planet is rapidly heating up. Policy-makers need to know how will climate systems and global sea level react to this global warming. In this project, we will study sediment cores from the Red Sea to investigate the oceanographic history of the region during the last four glacial cycles including past warm intervals that may represent natural analogs to future climate. We will develop new methods for reconstructing temperature and salinity from abundances of species of planktonic foraminifera, their shell size and ultrastructure and produce the first long record of temperature history of the Red Sea. Such record is essential for improving the accuracy of global sea-level reconstructions developed in collaboration by our colleagues in Southampton. We will then determine past salinity and temperature gradients in the region and monitor their dynamics at high resolution across past warm intervals. Such gradients reflect the interplay between the Indian and African Monsoon systems, and our results will allow us to determine how the Monsoon system and the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) varied during warm climates in the past. Our research will thus contribute to the understanding of climate dynamics and stability of continental ice sheets during warm intervals and to the evaluation of potential response of ITZC and Monsoonal systems to global warming.