Continuous Assessment of the Response of Deep-Seated Landslides by Monitoring Basal Temperature (CoRDeaL)

深层滑坡是地球上最具破坏性的自然灾害之一，通常在几年内以微不足道的速度爬行，然后突然坍塌，通常具有高速运动和灾难性后果。它们可能对社会产生有害后果，因为它们涉及大规模坍塌，造成死亡，并往往影响交通基础设施。这种灾难性故障的显著例子包括，除其他外，1963年意大利的Vaiont滑坡，该滑坡摧毁了整个山谷，造成约2000人伤亡，并使意大利最大的水电大坝失去作用，1999年台湾九峰二山滑坡和2014年美国Oso滑坡，这些滑坡的稳定性和最终崩塌的时间仍然是一个关键滑坡力学和自然灾害预测与防治问题。该项目将调查被认为是驱动深层滑坡灾难性坍塌的物理过程，特别是关注这些滑坡的反应是否可以通过监测滑动表面的温度来持续评估。本项目将评估破坏面温度影响稳定性的可能性，并收集现场温度数据。 它将侧重于检验这样一种假设，即通过用材料的热反应丰富模型，并监测滑动面的温度，可以不断评估深层滑坡的反应。这是设想要实现的理论和数值方法相结合，实验材料从一个活跃的滑坡在安道尔，欧洲，连同现场数据的位移，测压水平和温度在滑坡的基础。该项目旨在提供独特的变革性知识和技术，了解深层滑坡如何在长期的多物理载荷（即包括高温，压力和变形率）中做出反应。这项工作的长期目标将是量化导致深层滑坡不稳定的主要过程，并为这类灾害制定一项操作规程。因此，预计该试点项目的成果可以推动一种新的方法，在建模，监测和评估深层次的landslids.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

Deep-seated landslides represent one of the most devastating natural hazards on earth, typically creeping at inappreciable velocities over several years, before suddenly collapsing often with high velocity movement and catastrophic results. They can have detrimental consequences to society, as they involve large-scale collapse, causing fatalities and often affecting transportation infrastructure. Notable examples of such catastrophic failures include, among others, the 1963 Vaiont landslide in Italy, which devastated an entire valley causing around 2000 casualties and rendering inactive the largest hydro-electric dam of Italy, the 1999 Jiufengershan Landslide in Taiwan and the 2014 Oso landslide in the U.S. What determines the stability of these landslides and the time of final collapse remains a key problem in landslide mechanics and natural hazard prediction and prevention. This project will investigate the physical processes that are thought to drive deep-seated landslides to catastrophic collapse, particularly focusing on whether the response of these landslides can be continuously assessed by monitoring the temperature of the sliding surface. This project will assess potential for failure plane temperature to affect stability, and collect in-situ temperature data. It will focus on testing the hypothesis that the response of deep-seated landslides can be continuously assessed by enriching models with the material's thermal response, and monitoring the temperature of the sliding surface. This is envisioned to be achieved by combining theoretical and numerical approaches, experiments on material from an active landslide in Andorra, Europe, together with field data of displacement, piezometric level and temperature at the base of the landslide. The project aims at offering unique and transformative knowledge and technology on how deep-seated landslides would respond in long-term, multi-physical loading (i.e. including elevated temperatures, pressures, and deformation rates). The long-term objectives of this work would be to quantify the dominant processes driving deep-seated landslides to instability, and develop an operational protocol for this type of hazard. It is, therefore, envisioned that the outcomes of this pilot project could fuel a new approach in modeling, monitoring and assessing deep-seated landslides.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.