CTEQ Schools on QCD Analysis and Phenomenology

该奖项为2021年和2022年的CTEQ暑期学校提供资金，由密歇根州立大学的乔伊·休斯顿教授指导。CTEQ是指“QCD理论-实验协同计划”，这是每年组织这些学校的科学合作。基本粒子物理学探索物质的最深层次结构。量子色动力学(QCD)是支配基本粒子之间强相互作用的理论，为了理解基本粒子和核物理，在高能下研究它是越来越必要的。最近希格斯粒子的发现，以及在此基础上对新物理的密集搜索，突显了更好地理解QCD工具的必要性。自1992年以来，26个CTEQ暑期学校在基本粒子和核物理方面发挥了重要作用，促进了QCD的知识及其在电弱精密测量和新物理研究中的应用。这些学校为研究生和博士后研究助理提供培训和教育，而不是本国机构通常提供的培训和教育。事实证明，这些学校对于在不同对撞机(如美国的Tevatron和德国的HERA)工作的参与者非常有用，现在对在瑞士大型强子对撞机(LHC)工作的学生来说更加重要。到目前为止，已有超过1700名参与者参加了CTEQ学校，NSF的支持使美国的参与者能够参加。通过参与者对他们在基础物理整体事业中的研究背景的加强认识，可以感受到这些学校的更广泛的影响。学校的互动性鼓励向更广泛的公众传播这项研究的兴奋和结果所需的技能。虽然向来自世界各地的参与者开放，但主要受众包括来自美国各机构的参与者，正是这些参与者得到了NSF资金的部分支持。因此，NSF对这些学校的部分支持是符合国家利益的，因为它帮助发展了一支熟练的、受过科学培训的美国劳动力队伍，无论是在学术物理领域还是在其他领域。事实上，许多参与者后来在学术界从事职业生涯，实际上最终将自己的学生送到了随后的CTEQ学校。其他参与者也进入了工业或国防行业，但他们都从CTEQ学校接受的培训中受益。更具体地说，每所CTEQ学校通常包括8至9天的讲座和讨论，在此期间，参与者与杰出的专家密切互动，包括实验家和理论家。这种密切互动是反恐执行委员会学校的标志之一。这些学校每年在匹兹堡大学和通常位于美国以外的地点之间轮换。学校每天有四场一小时的讲座，每堂课之间有很长的休息时间进行讨论。每一天还包括1.5小时的复习课程，在此期间，参与者要求讲师就其演讲的特定方面进行详细阐述。随后是一次非正式聚会，与会者可以在一对一的基础上与讲师(以及彼此)互动。通过这种方式，参与者被带入该领域前沿研究的前沿。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award provides funding for the 2021 and 2022 CTEQ Summer Schools, under the direction of Professor Joey Huston at Michigan State University. CTEQ refers to the "Coordinated Theoretical-Experimental Project on QCD", which is the scientific collaboration that organizes these Schools each year.The physics of elementary particles probes the deepest structure of matter. Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory that governs the strong interactions between elementary particles, and its study at high energies is increasingly necessary in order to understand both elementary-particle and nuclear physics. The recent discovery of the Higgs particle and the intense search for new physics beyond this highlight the need to better understand the tools of QCD. Since 1992, 26 CTEQ Summer Schools have played an important role in elementary-particle and nuclear physics by promoting the knowledge of QCD and its applications to electroweak precision measurements and to new physics searches. These Schools provide training and education for graduate students and post-doctoral research associates beyond what is typically available at their home institutions. These Schools have proved to be extremely useful for participants working at different colliders such as the Tevatron in the US and at HERA in Germany, and are now even more important for students working at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Switzerland. Over 1700 participants have attended the CTEQ Schools to date, and NSF support has enabled US-based participants to attend. The broader impact of these Schools is felt though the participants' strengthened awareness of the context of their research within the overall enterprise of fundamental physics. The interactive nature of the Schools encourages the skills necessary for communicating the excitement and the results of this research to the wider public. Although open to participants from around the world, the primary audience consists of participants from institutions in the United States, and it is these participants who are partially supported by the funding from NSF. Partial NSF support for these Schools is thus in the national interest by assisting in the development of a skilled and scientifically trained US-based workforce, whether in academic physics or beyond. Indeed, many of the participants go on to careers in academia, and in fact have ended up sending their own students to a subsequent CTEQ School. Other participants have gone into industry or into defense, but all have benefitted from the training they have received at the CTEQ Schools. More specifically, each CTEQ School typically consists of eight to nine days of lectures and discussion during which participants closely interact with distinguished experts, both experimentalists and theorists. This close interaction is one of the hallmarks of the CTEQ Schools. The Schools alternate each year between the University of Pittsburgh and a site typically outside the United States. Each day of the School consists of four one-hour lectures, with long breaks between each lecture for discussion. Each day also includes a 1.5-hour recitation session during which the participants ask the lecturers to amplify on particular aspects of their presentations. This is followed by an informal gathering that allows the participants to interact with the lecturers (and each other) on a one-to-one basis. In this way the participants are brought to the forefront of cutting-edge research in this field.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.