FW-HTF-P: Essential Decision-Making Skills for the Future Workforce in Smart Manufacturing

2019年，制造业从业人员超过1570万人，成为美国第四大产业。在接下来的十年里，制造业的许多工人可能会看到他们的工作被取消或重新配置。制造业近10%的工作岗位将是全新的。制造业越来越依赖人工智能、物联网、机器人、Cobots等智能技术。让工人为这场所谓的第四次工业革命做好准备，不仅仅是培训工人按下不同的按钮或屏幕。这种方法只会让工人为今天的机器做好准备，无法解决与智能技术支持的工作场所互动所需的决策技能。人类技术前沿(FW-HTF)未来工作规划资助项目正在确定当前劳动力在未来智能制造设施中取得成功所需的特定决策技能。该项目的成果将帮助当地和地区机构制定计划，并为劳动力做好准备，以适应制造设施采用智能技术的技术变革浪潮。这个为期一年的规划项目正在收集来自不同国家的老牌智能工厂中工人决策的信息，以确定决策能力。这些案例研究，连同一个实验心理学项目和多次咨询小组会议，正被用来开发一项智能工厂工人准备情况调查，以确定个人在基本决策技能方面的优势和差距。该项目的最终结果将是开发培训模块，以帮助制造业现有和未来的工人成为更有效的决策者。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

In 2019, there were over 15.7 million workers in manufacturing, making it the fourth largest industry in the United States. In the next decade, many workers in manufacturing could see their jobs eliminated or reconfigured. Nearly 10 percent of the jobs in manufacturing will be entirely new. Manufacturing is increasingly relying on smart technologies such as artificial intelligence, the internet of things, robots, cobots, and more. Preparing workers for this so-called fourth industrial revolution is not simply about training the workforce to push different buttons or monitor screens. Such an approach would only prepare workers for the machines of today and would fail to address decision-making skills needed for interacting with the smart-technology enabled workplace. This Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier (FW-HTF) Planning Grant project is identifying the specific decision-making skills that will be needed for the current workforce to be successful in smart manufacturing facilities of the future. The results from the project will help local and regional agencies create plans and prepare the workforce to ride the tide of technological change as manufacturing facilities adopt smart technologies. This one-year planning project is gathering information on worker decision-making in established smart factories from different countries to identify decision-making competencies. These case studies, along with an experimental psychology project, and multiple, advisory group meetings, are being used to develop a smart factory worker readiness survey to identify individual strengths and gaps in essential decision-making skills. The project end result will be the development of training modules to assist current and future workers in the manufacturing industry work be more effective decision-makers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.