RAPID: THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC: PREDICTORS AND CONSEQUENCES OF COMPLIANCE WITH SOCIAL DISTANCING RECOMMENDATIONS

在新型冠状病毒大流行之后实施社交距离措施的必要性已经得到了充分的证实，但很少有研究研究检查了遵守这一公共卫生建议的可变性。理解与这种变化相关的社会因素尤为重要。这个项目建立在一个正在进行的纵向研究的生活和关系的经验，一个大的，不同的样本的年轻人采访第一次作为青少年，随后采访了多次，因为他们已经成为成年人。这为采访这些女性和男性提供了一个机会，以了解指导方针的导航过程，包括：a）哪些因素预测了对社交距离指导方针的更多和更少的顺应性反应;以及B）社交距离对情绪健康，行为健康和关系功能的后果是什么。该项目的调查结果将提醒研究人员和决策者注意与或多或少遵守有关的无数个人和背景特征。 这些信息将有助于制定更有效的公共政策和关于社交距离的信息，目的是在未来的流行病期间促进更快和更全面的遵守。社交距离是抗击COVID-19大流行的重要工具，但我们对谁遵守了指导方针，谁没有遵守知之甚少。 该项目将利用托莱多青少年关系研究（TARS）先前收集的六波调查数据（n= 1，321）和一项新的COVID-19在线调查，该调查将对所有受访者进行管理。这些纵向数据提供了一个独特的机会，以检查的前兆和变化的后果，以应对目前的社会距离准则。该设计还包括对依从性（n=25）和其他未改变行为或未能始终如一地依从的受访者（n=25）的深入电话访谈。定性部分将有助于理解遵守是一个过程，并深入了解社交网络在鼓励或尽量减少遵守需要方面的作用。除了评估社会人口特征的作用外，该项目还将分析先前不良童年和青少年经历、经济和社会不确定性以及网络嵌入性对依从性水平的影响。先前的社会和行为健康措施以及先前的关系情况的可用性将使该项目能够确定社交距离的影响和流行病的经历，控制先前的背景。该项目还将研究在前几波抑郁症的持续报告是否加剧或抑制了最近的社交距离的影响。强调社会决定因素提供了一个对立面的方法，概念化遵守健康促进建议作为一个个人主义的，主要是认知过程，更广泛地说，将有助于新兴的行为改变科学。 研究结果将为关于身份和符号互动的社会学理论以及不平等理论提供信息，特别是在极端事件的背景下。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

The need for social distancing measures implemented in the wake of the novel coronavirus pandemic is well established, but few studies have examined variability in compliance with this public health recommendation. It is particularly important to understand the social factors associated with this variability. This project builds on an ongoing longitudinal study of the life and relationship experiences of a large, diverse sample of young people interviewed first as adolescents, and subsequently interviewed multiple times as they have become adults. This provides an opportunity to interview these women and men to understand the process of navigating the guidelines, including: a) what factors predict more and less compliant responses to the social distancing guidelines; and b) what are the consequences of social distancing for emotional health, behavioral health, and relationship functioning. The findings of the project will alert researchers and policymakers to the myriad of personal and background characteristics that are associated with more or less compliance. This information will allow for the crafting of more effective public policies and messaging about social distancing, with the goal of promoting faster and more complete compliance during future pandemics. Social distancing is a vital tool in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, but we know little about who complies with guidelines and who does not. This project will draw on six waves of previously collected survey data (n=1,321) from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study (TARS) and a new COVID-19 online survey that will be administered to all respondents. These longitudinal data provide a unique opportunity to examine precursors and consequences of variations in response to the current social distancing guidelines. The design also includes in-depth phone interviews with a subset of respondents who were compliant (n=25) and others who did not change behavior or failed to comply consistently (n=25). The qualitative component will provide help to understand compliance as a process, and develop insights about the role of social networks in either encouraging or minimizing the need to comply. In addition to assessing the role of sociodemographic characteristics, the project will analyze the effects of prior adverse childhood and adolescent experiences, economic and social uncertainties, and network embeddedness as influences on levels of compliance. The availability of previous measures of social and behavioral health and prior relationship circumstances will allow the project to determine effects of social distancing and the experience of the pandemic, controlling for prior background. The project will also examine whether consistent reports of depression at prior waves exacerbate or dampen the effect of the recent experience of social distancing. The emphasis on social determinants provides a counterpoint to approaches that conceptualize compliance with health-promoting recommendations as an individualistic, largely cognitive process, and more broadly, will contribute to the emerging science of behavior change. Findings will inform sociological theories regarding identity and symbolic interaction, as well as theories of inequality, especially within the context of extreme events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.